ABSTRACT

In the course of two decades, “homelessness” was re-defined/re-invented in Norway. Homelessness” had long been seen as a social problem and a moral issue. Then, in 1996, a survey conceptualized it as a housing issue. A broader concept of unfavourable positions in the housing market was operationalized to include various situations beyond the narrow stereotypes of shelter-user and vagrant. The survey enumerated, defined and delimited the population of “homeless persons” as constituting a new category of statistics. This approach paralleled major policy shifts in housing politics and the reshaping of the Norwegian State Housing Bank. Drawing on the concept of governmentality, this article investigates how homelessness, previously placed in the sphere of social problems, was re-defined as a housing problem and became a force in developing a new field of social housing policy. The “new” concept includes an administrative territorial aspect defining who are deemed homeless and who are not.

摘要

在二十年的过程中，“无家可归”在挪威被重新定义/重新发明。无家可归”长期以来一直被视为一个社会问题和一个道德问题。然后，在 1996 年，一项调查将其概念化为住房问题. 住房市场中不利地位的更广泛概念被实施，以包括超越庇护所使用者和流浪者的狭隘刻板印象的各种情况。该调查对“无家可归者”人口进行了列举、定义和划定，以构成一个新的统计类别。这种方法与住房政治的重大政策转变和挪威国家住房银行的重塑并行。本文借鉴治理性的概念，探讨了之前被置于社会问题领域的无家可归者如何被重新定义为住房问题，并成为发展社会住房政策新领域的一股力量。“新”概念包括行政领土方面，定义了哪些人被视为无家可归，哪些人不是。