ABSTRACT

Research question: The two research questions driving this study were (1) ‘To what extent do sport management students address the individual and social dimensions of critical reflection during work-integrated learning (WIL) experiences?’, and (2) ‘Do these skills align with what employers need from those working and seeking employment in the sport industry?’.

Research methods: A total of 314 WIL stakeholders (i.e. students, Academic Supervisors and Industry Supervisors) representing 20 tertiary sport management institutions in the Netherlands participated in the study’s questionnaire. The purpose was to identify the potential differences across perceptions of three stakeholder groups on the extent to which students address the individual and social dimensions of critical reflection and the ways critical reflection skills align with the sport management industry needs. MANOVA and separate ANOVA tests compared perceptions on students’ integration of three individual and three social dimensions of critical reflection.

Results and findings: Results showed disparities between perceptions on the extent to which students critically reflect. Industry Supervisors perceived students only addressed two of six dimensions of critical reflection (i.e. asking for feedback and reflecting on career ambitions). Findings in this study are consistent with other empirical evidence concerned with graduates’ level of key employability skills and highlight the need to strengthen the development and alignment of social critical reflection skills with sport industry employer needs.

Implications: This study addresses the need to align sport management graduates skill set with sport industry workforce needs and enhance graduate employability. The classification of critical reflection skills into six dimensions offers a useful guide to sport organisations and helps assess which dimensions require attention or further development.

摘要

研究问题：推动本研究的两个研究问题是（1）“体育管理专业学生在工作整合学习（WIL）体验中在多大程度上解决了批判性反思的个人和社会层面？”，以及（2）“是否做到了这些？技能与雇主在体育行业工作和寻求就业的人所需要的东西保持一致吗？”。

研究方法：代表荷兰20个高校体育管理机构的314名WIL利益相关者（即学生，学术主管和行业主管）参加了该调查问卷。目的是确定在三个利益相关者群体的看法之间的潜在差异，即学生在多大程度上解决批判性反思的个人和社会方面，以及批判性反思技能与体育管理​​行业需求的一致方式。MANOVA和单独的ANOVA测验比较了学生对批判性反思的三个个人和三个社会维度的整合看法。

结果与发现：结果表明，在学生对批判性思考的程度上的看法之间存在差异。行业主管认为，学生仅解决了六个关键反思维度中的两个（即要求反馈和对职业抱负的反思）。这项研究的结果与其他有关毕业生关键就业技能水平的经验证据是一致的，并强调需要加强社会批判性反思技能的发展和使其与体育行业雇主的需求保持一致。

启示：这项研究满足了使体育管理专业毕业生技能与体育产业劳动力需求保持一致并增强毕业生就业能力的需求。将批判性反思技能分为六个维度，这为体育组织提供了有用的指导，并有助于评估哪些维度需要关注或进一步发展。