ABSTRACT

The paper addresses the interplay between economics and the politics of state-owned enterprises confronted with changes concerning the value of environment under post-1990 transformations. It examines the value of the environment as a result of state-public firm relations grounded on the multiple and often conflicting demands within the changing context and requirements of the EU environmental policy. By process-tracing two Romanian SOEs in the coal energy industry, the paper looks into: i) the hierarchical coordination and negotiation systems of state and SOEs in relation to the environment; ii) how the economic and political elites deal with the competition on free markets and use various mechanisms to empower the survival of SOEs that eventually translate into economic performance and environmental behavior. The findings suggest the salient decapitalization of SOEs due to the state behavior embedded in confusing procedures and actions that made room for political maneuvering. Also, the organizational culture of working in a “closed circle” may have strengthened the liabilities accrued to SOEs and undermined their capacity to deal with environmental requirements. Hence, a double-layered “dissonant” environment stems from the opposition between the requirements of the EU environmental policy and the commitment of domestic economic and political elites to support the survival of energy SOEs.

摘要

本文探讨了 1990 年后转型中环境价值变化所面临的国有企业经济与政治之间的相互作用。它基于欧盟环境政策不断变化的背景和要求中的多重且经常相互冲突的需求，考察了国家与公共企业关系所产生的环境价值。通过追踪煤炭能源行业的两家罗马尼亚国有企业，本文研究了：i）国家和国有企业在环境方面的等级协调和谈判系统；ii) 经济和政治精英如何应对自由市场上的竞争，并使用各种机制来增强国有企业的生存能力，最终转化为经济绩效和环境行为。调查结果表明，由于国家行为嵌入在混乱的程序和行动中，从而为政治操纵留出了空间，导致国有企业显着减资。此外，“封闭循环”的组织文化可能强化了国有企业的负债，削弱了它们应对环境要求的能力。因此，双重“不和谐”的环境源于欧盟环境政策的要求与国内经济和政治精英支持能源国有企业生存的承诺之间的对立。“封闭循环”的组织文化可能加重了国有企业的负债，削弱了它们应对环境要求的能力。因此，双重“不和谐”的环境源于欧盟环境政策的要求与国内经济和政治精英支持能源国有企业生存的承诺之间的对立。“封闭循环”的组织文化可能加重了国有企业的负债，削弱了它们应对环境要求的能力。因此，双重“不和谐”的环境源于欧盟环境政策的要求与国内经济和政治精英支持能源国有企业生存的承诺之间的对立。