ABSTRACT

Relocation is increasingly being considered a viable adaptation strategy in some coastal locations. Even though recent coastal disasters and a higher awareness of sea level rise have accentuated the importance of relocation, this is not a new strategy and has been applied as an effective hazard mitigation measure over the last three decades. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the acquisition and relocation projects funded between 1989 and 2016 as a part of the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and determine how the allocations for these projects evolved over time. A trend analysis was applied to assess how the number and the dollar amount of approved acquisition/relocation projects differ between coastal and inland counties, and within these categories, between rural and urban districts. Our findings show that inland counties had a significantly higher number of projects in any given year; however, average cost per coastal project has been continually increasing while that of inland projects decreased over the study period. Further, there is no marked difference between the number of and total amount spent on inland rural versus urban projects, while those in the coastal zone significantly differ in all categories between rural and urban counties.

摘要

在某些沿海地区，搬迁越来越被认为是可行的适应策略。尽管最近的沿海灾难和对海平面上升的更高认识凸显了搬迁的重要性，但这并不是一个新的策略，并且在过去的三十年中已被用作有效的减灾措施。本文的主要目的是评估1989年至2016年间资助的购置和搬迁项目，作为减灾拨款计划（HMGP）的一部分，并确定这些项目的拨款如何随着时间变化。进行了趋势分析，以评估沿海和内陆县之间以及城乡之间在这些类别中批准的购置/搬迁项目的数量和金额如何不同。我们的发现表明，在任何一年中，内陆县的项目数量都大大增加。但是，在研究期内，每个沿海项目的平均成本一直在增加，而内陆项目的平均成本却在下降。此外，内陆农村项目和城市项目的支出数量和总支出之间没有显着差异，而沿海地区的农村项目和城市县在所有类别上的支出都存在显着差异。