Abstract

Environmental drug prevention interventions are gaining momentum alongside and in concert with ‘classical’ prevention practices such as school, family and community interventions. The Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) is particularly gaining attention because of its innovative environmental approach and because of its supposed impact on lowering (the onset of) substance use among youth during the past two decades in Iceland. Although this model is rooted in well accepted prevention principles and has been prominent in public discussions and the media across the world, much remains unknown about the active ingredients, the core elements and their contribution to lowering (the onset of) substance use among youth. In this discussion paper we highlight the model’s strengths (bottom-up approach, local assessment and dissemination, multi-component, targeting risk and protective factors, supervised leisure activities, curfew hours) and raise some critical concerns (transferability, external and internal validity) that should be considered and dealt with before implementing, adapting and evaluating the model in other contexts.

摘要

环境毒品预防干预措施与学校、家庭和社区干预等“经典”预防措施并驾齐驱。冰岛预防模式 (IPM) 特别受到关注，因为其创新的环境方法以及在过去二十年冰岛对降低（开始）青少年物质使用的影响。尽管这种模式植根于广为接受的预防原则，并在世界各地的公众讨论和媒体中占据突出地位，但关于活性成分、核心要素及其对降低（开始）青少年物质使用的贡献仍有很多未知。在本讨论文件中，我们强调了该模型的优势（自下而上的方法、本地评估和传播、多组件、