ABSTRACT

This article presents a novel, tripartite division of three seemingly identical structure types in terms of their aspectual differences: who believed, who believe and the believers. The debate on these three structures (a relative pronoun followed by a verb in the past or in the present and the agentive noun) pits the opposing views of those who advocate for their similarity and congruence (Reuschel 1996), and those who firmly believe that phonemic or syntactic differences definitely bring about differences at various levels (Bloomfield 1933). The contexts, exegeses and the relationship between 438 utterance components are analysed here. The results help disentangle the tight knot of long-standing sameness of these three types of structures. The who believed type is shown to express shades of aspect such as a) the constancy of the occurrence of an action, b) progressive actions explored retrospectively in the future such as Judgement Day and c) an action that was completed in the past. The who believe type is shown to go hand in hand with habitual or iterative aspects. The believers type allows for greater flexibility to combine the first two.

摘要

本文提出了一种新颖的三方划分，将三种看似相同的结构类型在方面差异方面进行了划分：谁相信，谁相信和信徒。关于这三种结构（关系代词后跟过去或现在的动词和施动名词）的辩论使那些主张相似和一致的人（Reuschel 1996）和那些坚信音素或句法的差异肯定会带来不同层次的差异（Bloomfield 1933）。这里分析了438个话语成分之间的上下文、注释和关系。结果有助于解开这三种结构长期相同的紧密结。相信的人显示类型以表达方面的阴影，例如a）动作发生的恒定性，b）在未来回顾性探索的渐进动作，例如审判日和c）过去完成的动作。相信类型与习惯或迭代方面密切相关。信徒类型允许更大的灵活性来结合前两者。