Many governments extend the coverage of collective agreements to workers and employers that were not involved in their bargaining. These extensions may address co-ordination issues but may also distort competition by imposing sector-specific minimum wages and other work conditions that are not suitable for some firms and workers. In this article, we analyse the impact of such extensions along several economic margins. Drawing on the worker- and firm-level monthly data for Portugal, a country where extensions have been widespread, and the scattered timing of the extensions, we find that, while continuing workers experience wage increases following an extension, formal employment in the relevant sectors falls, on average, by 2 per cent. These results increase by about 25 per cent across small firms and are driven by reduced hirings. In contrast, the employment and wage bills of independent contractors, who are not subject to labour law or collective bargaining, increase by over 1 per cent following an extension.

中文翻译：

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30,000 最低工资：集体谈判延期的经济影响

许多政府将集体协议的适用范围扩大到不参与谈判的工人和雇主。这些延期可能解决协调问题，但也可能通过强加特定行业的最低工资和其他不适合某些公司和工人的工作条件来扭曲竞争。在本文中，我们分析了此类扩展对几个经济边际的影响。借鉴葡萄牙这个普遍延期的国家的工人和公司层面的月度数据，以及延期的分散时间，我们发现，虽然持续工人在延期后工资增加，但相关部门的正式就业平均下降 2%。这些结果在小公司中增加了约 25%，并且是由招聘减少推动的。相比之下，