Scholars have intensely debated the conditions under which trade unions can successfully mobilize professionals. We explore an internationally comparative perspective on mobilizing professionals by asking how two nurse unions in the United States and Germany successfully limited management's prerogative over staffing levels. We found that German national institutions had little influence over the bargaining process; instead, factors at the level of organizations and their environment (leadership support, organizational restructuring, coalition-building with supportive stakeholders and framing) enabled mobilization. Based on a power resources perspective, we conclude that unions can mobilize professionals using militancy, even without much support from national institutions.

中文翻译：

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组织因素在动员专业人员中的作用：来自美国和德国护士工会的证据

学者们对工会能够成功动员专业人士的条件进行了激烈的辩论。我们通过询问美国和德国的两个护士工会如何成功限制管理层对人员配备水平的特权，探索了动员专业人员的国际比较视角。我们发现德国国家机构对谈判过程几乎没有影响；相反，组织层面的因素及其环境（领导支持、组织重组、与支持性利益相关者建立联盟和框架）促成了动员。基于权力资源的观点，我们得出结论，即使没有国家机构的太多支持，工会也可以通过战斗来动员专业人士。