Skeletal fragments of ursine howler monkeys (Alouatta, A. cf. arctoidea) recovered from two archaeological sites in northern Venezuela are discussed in this article. Osteological remains, material culture evidence, and historical records are put together using an archaeoprimatological approach in order to investigate the relationships between the pre-Hispanic human societies in this region of South America and this primate taxon. The remains of howler monkeys studied suggest that Indigenous peoples of Arawakan linguistic affiliation of Orinocan origin interacted with nonhuman primates in northern Venezuela before AD 800. This interaction encompasses different meanings: the howler as a possible pet or hunting prey and thus a source of food, and the howler as a reference with symbolic value.

中文翻译：

---

来自委内瑞拉北部两个地点和奥里诺坎联系的前西班牙裔吼猴：一项古灵长类动物学研究

熊吼猴的骨骼碎片 ( Alouatta , A. cf. arctoidea) 本文讨论了从委内瑞拉北部的两个考古遗址中发现的。使用古灵长类动物学方法将骨骼遗骸、物质文化证据和历史记录放在一起，以调查南美洲这个地区的前西班牙人类社会与这种灵长类动物分类群之间的关系。研究的吼猴遗骸表明，在公元 800 年之前，奥里诺卡语起源的阿拉瓦坎语土著人与委内瑞拉北部的非人类灵长类动物进行了互动。 这种互动包含不同的含义：吼猴可能是宠物或猎物，因此是食物的来源，和吼叫作为具有象征价值的参考。