This paper analyses the role played by different urban nodes in the Chilean copper mining Global Production Network (GPN), and how filtering mechanisms act in favour of the capital city, limiting the territorial embeddedness of extractive industry in resource peripheries. In doing so, we make three contributions to the literature. First, in addition to observing gateway cities (those connecting the mining hinterlands to the global economy), we propose an intermediate category in urban hierarchies which we label the “backdoor city” (those that can perform one or more functions of a gateway city but lack chances for value capture and sustainable development outcomes). Second, we analyse the filtering mechanisms that work to the detriment of resources peripheries. Third, we analyse how these mechanisms reduce the territorial embeddedness of mining activity across the Chilean urban hierarchy. Our main results show that the capital city of Santiago stands out as the only gateway city in the country, and Antofagasta acts as a backdoor city for the Chilean resource peripheries where the extractive activity is weakly embedded, limiting their development opportunities.

中文翻译：

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发展的门户还是后门？智利铜业GPN城市体系中的过滤机制和领土嵌入

本文分析了智利铜矿全球生产网络（GPN）中不同城市节点所起的作用，以及过滤机制如何对首都有利，限制了资源环境中采掘业的地域嵌入性。为此，我们对文献做出了三点贡献。首先，除了观察门户城市（那些将采矿腹地与全球经济联系起来的城市）之外，我们还在城市层次结构中提出了一个中间类别，我们将其标记为“后门城市”（可以执行门户城市一个或多个功能但缺乏获得价值和可持续发展成果的机会）。其次，我们分析了对资源外围不利的过滤机制。第三，我们分析了这些机制如何降低整个智利城市体系中采矿活动的地域嵌入性。我们的主要结果表明，圣地亚哥首都是该国唯一的门户城市，而安托法加斯塔（Antofagasta）则是智利资源外围地区的后门城市，那里的采掘业活动薄弱，限制了它们的发展机会。