The wake of the 2008 financial crisis wrought economic havoc in Spain, resulting in the widespread protest of the indignados movement. Catalonia in particular saw a flourishing of various new forms of activism and socio-economic collaboration, such as cooperative networks, eco-villages and alternative currencies. This paper explores emerging forms of alternative currencies and commoning practices in Catalonia, Spain. It is based on ethnographic research to explore emergent grassroots innovations that theorise and practice degrowth proposals in diverse ways. In particular, it investigates developing forms of social currency and social debt, most of which are associated with the Catalan Integral Cooperative and FairCoop. This latter organisation is a network of cooperatives developing tools around Faircoin, a cryptocurrency based on social and ecological principles. In doing so, it contributes to alternative currencies scholarship. This paper shows how these self-organised grassroots innovations are making use of technological and digital elements in order to build an alternative financial infrastructure. Furthermore, it demonstrates how these alternative social currencies and blockchain initiatives clearly show that non-capitalist and degrowth oriented technological innovation can generate economies in more progressive and community-led ways.

中文翻译：

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草根组织中的替代经济、数字创新和共同化：分析西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区的去增长货币

2008 年金融危机给西班牙带来了经济浩劫，引发了愤怒者的广泛抗议移动。尤其是加泰罗尼亚，各种新形式的激进主义和社会经济合作蓬勃发展，例如合作网络、生态村和替代货币。本文探讨了西班牙加泰罗尼亚新兴的替代货币形式和普遍做法。它基于人种学研究来探索新兴的草根创新，这些创新以多种方式理论和实践去增长建议。特别是，它调查了社会货币和社会债务的发展形式，其中大部分与加泰罗尼亚综合合作社和公平合作社有关。后一个组织是一个合作社网络，围绕 Faircoin 开发工具，Faircoin 是一种基于社会和生态原则的加密货币。通过这样做，它有助于替代货币奖学金。本文展示了这些自组织的草根创新如何利用技术和数字元素来构建替代金融基础设施。此外，它展示了这些替代性社会货币和区块链计划如何清楚地表明，非资本主义和以去增长为导向的技术创新可以以更进步和社区主导的方式产生经济。