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NGOs as Social Movements: Policy Narratives, Networks and the Performance of Dalit Rights in South India
Development and Change ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 , DOI: 10.1111/dech.12614
David Mosse , Sundara Babu Nagappan

Donor‐funded development NGOs are sometimes portrayed as co‐opting, privatizing or depoliticizing citizen action or social movements. This much is implied by the term ‘NGOization’. Alternatively, NGOs can be seen as bearers of rights‐based work increasingly threatened by tighter regulation or substitution by corporate social responsibility models of development. This article engages critically with both perspectives. It traces the role of NGOs and their funders in agenda setting, specifically in bringing the previously excluded issue of caste discrimination into development policy discourse in the form of a Dalit‐rights approach in Tamil Nadu, south India. The authors explore the institutional processes of policy making and NGO networking involved, the alliances, entanglements of NGOs and social movements, and the performativity of NGO Dalit rights. But at the same time, the article illustrates how NGO institutional systems have constrained or failed to sustain such identity‐based claims to entitlement. In Nancy Fraser's terms, the article explores success and failure in addressing ‘first‐order’ issues of justice, that is rights to resources (in this case, land), and in tackling ‘second‐order’ injustices concerning the framing of who counts (who can make a claim as a rights holder) and how (by what procedures are claims and contests staged and resolved). This draws attention to the important but fragile achievements of NGOs’ discursive framings that give Dalits the ‘right to have rights’.

中文翻译:

非政府组织作为社会运动:在印度南部的政策叙事,网络和达利特权利的表现

由捐助者资助的发展非政府组织有时被描绘为公民行动或社会运动的选择,私有化或非政治化。“非政府组织化”一词暗示了这一点。另外,非政府组织也可以看作是基于权利的工作的承载者,越来越受到越来越严格的监管或企业社会责任发展模式的替代的威胁。本文对两种观点都进行了批判性地探讨。它追溯了非政府组织及其出资者在议程制定中的作用,特别是以印度南部泰米尔纳德邦的达利特权利方式将以前被排斥的种姓歧视问题纳入发展政策讨论。作者探讨了相关政策制定和非政府组织网络的制度过程,联盟,非政府组织的纠缠和社会运动,以及非政府组织达利特人权利的执行力。但同时,本文说明了非政府组织制度体系如何限制或未能维持这种基于身份的权利主张。用南希·弗雷泽(Nancy Fraser)的话,本文探讨了解决“一阶”正义问题(即资源权(在这种情况下为土地))以及解决“二阶”不公正现象的成败问题的成败。 (谁可以作为权利持有人提出索赔)以及如何(通过什么程序进行索赔和竞赛和解决)。这引起人们对非政府组织话语框架的重要但脆弱的成就的关注,这些框架赋予达利特人“拥有权利的权利”。用南希·弗雷泽(Nancy Fraser)的话,本文探讨了解决“一阶”正义问题(即资源权(在这种情况下为土地))以及解决“二阶”不公正现象的成败问题的成败。 (谁可以作为权利持有人提出索赔)以及如何(通过什么程序进行索赔和竞赛和解决)。这引起人们对非政府组织话语框架的重要但脆弱的成就的关注,这些框架赋予达利特人“拥有权利的权利”。用南希·弗雷泽(Nancy Fraser)的话,本文探讨了解决“一阶”正义问题(即资源权(在这种情况下为土地))以及解决“二阶”不公正现象的成败问题的成败。 (谁可以作为权利持有人提出索赔)以及如何(通过什么程序进行索赔和竞赛和解决)。这引起人们对非政府组织话语框架的重要但脆弱的成就的关注,这些框架赋予达利特人“拥有权利的权利”。
更新日期:2020-09-07
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