This research examines the experiences of unemployed workers who report they have been parked or creamed by their employment services provider. Using focus group methodology, the research findings suggest that the experiences of being parked or creamed do not simply reflect quantitative metrics such as appointment frequency, and are experienced primarily as reflections of the quality of the transactions that occur in appointments. The findings suggest that parking and creaming are pervasive with harmful consequences for unemployed workers. Parking, on the one hand, appears to exacerbate the scarring effect of unemployment. Creaming, on the other hand, is not experienced as a benefit because rapid placement into employment is likely to be directed toward underemployment or precarious employment rather than sustainable employment. A second type of creaming is also described, where providers seek to take credit, sometimes coercively, for unemployed workers finding their own jobs. The findings also suggest that the Department of Employment’s actions to date to curb the practices have not been successful and could be improved if unemployed workers were more clearly recognised as having a stake in the provision of high-quality employment services and given suitable mechanisms to identify and select providers that will not park or cream them.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚失业工人被就业提供者停车和奶油的经历

这项研究调查了失业工人的经历，他们报告说他们被就业服务提供者停放或挤奶。使用焦点小组方法，研究结果表明，被停车或挤奶的经历不仅仅反映了约会频率等定量指标，而且主要反映了约会中发生的交易质量。研究结果表明，停车和挤奶现象普遍存在，对失业工人造成有害后果。一方面，停车似乎加剧了失业的疤痕效应。另一方面，奶油化并不是一种好处，因为快速就业很可能是针对就业不足或不稳定的就业，而不是可持续的就业。还描述了第二种类型的奶油，其中供应商寻求获得信贷，有时是强制性的，以帮助失业工人找到自己的工作。调查结果还表明，迄今为止，就业部遏制这种做法的行动并不成功，如果更清楚地认识到失业工人与提供高质量就业服务有关，并给予适当的机制来确定并选择不会停车或奶油的供应商。