In this article, we compare four fishing‐based areas in Thailand and the Philippines to examine if and how small‐scale fishing communities are able to escape marginalisation. Three questions guide our inquiry: (i) How have fishing communities been affected by overfishing, climate change and other pressures? (ii) What adaptive strategies have these communities employed to mitigate socio‐economic and environmental challenges? (iii) What has been the impact of these strategies on (escaping) marginalisation? Through a survey of 393 fishing‐based households and semi‐structured interviews with 59 key informants we find an uneven mixture of drivers, strategies and impacts. Respondents varyingly attribute declining fish catch to illegal fishing, overfishing, population increase, climate change and pollution. The case studies illustrate various degrees of adaptive successes that result from integration of top‐down and bottom‐up initiatives, and availability and access to livelihood strategies. However, the impact of adaptive strategies on overcoming marginalisation remains meagre and constrained by, among others, the power of illegal and commercial fishing and the absence of integrated spatial planning. We call for policy interventions and further research that takes into account the integration of top‐down and bottom‐up institutions, and the multiple dimensions and spaces of the drivers that shape fisherfolk marginalisation.

中文翻译：

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捕捞社区能否摆脱边缘化？比较泰国和菲律宾的过度捕捞，环境压力和适应

在本文中，我们比较了泰国和菲律宾的四个以捕鱼为基地的地区，以研究小型捕鱼社区是否以及如何能够摆脱边缘化。以下三个问题指导我们的研究：（i）过度捕捞，气候变化和其他压力如何影响捕鱼社区？（ii）这些社区采用了哪些适应性战略来缓解社会经济和环境挑战？（iii）这些策略对（逃脱）边缘化有何影响？通过对393个以捕鱼为基础的家庭进行的调查以及对59位主要信息提供者的半结构化访谈，我们发现驱动因素，策略和影响是不平衡的。受访者不同程度地将捕捞量下降归因于非法捕捞，过度捕捞，人口增加，气候变化和污染。案例研究说明了自上而下和自下而上的计划的整合以及可用性和生计策略的获得程度，适应成功的程度不同。但是，适应战略对克服边缘化的影响仍然微不足道，并受到非法和商业捕鱼的力量以及缺乏综合空间规划的限制。我们呼吁采取政策干预措施和进一步研究，考虑到自上而下和自下而上的机构的整合，以及形成渔民边缘化的驱动因素的多个维度和空间。适应战略对克服边缘化的影响仍然微不足道，并受到非法和商业捕鱼的力量以及缺乏综合空间规划的限制。我们呼吁采取政策干预措施和进一步研究，考虑到自上而下和自下而上的机构的整合，以及形成渔民边缘化的驱动因素的多个维度和空间。适应战略对克服边缘化的影响仍然微不足道，并受到非法和商业捕鱼的力量以及缺乏综合空间规划的限制。我们呼吁采取政策干预措施和进一步研究，考虑到自上而下和自下而上的机构的整合，以及形成渔民边缘化的驱动因素的多个维度和空间。