Despite the key role of agricultural development in the fight against hunger and the achievement of food security, little is known on the cross‐country effect of terrorism on agriculture. At the same time, there is some tentative evidence suggesting that conflicts reduce agricultural inputs and outputs such as land, production and income. This paper contributes to this emerging literature by investigating how terrorism affects agriculture on a panel of 48 African countries over the period 1998–2016. Six terrorism indicators are used, namely: domestic terrorism, transnational terrorism, unclear terrorism, total terrorism, number of attacks and number of deaths due to terrorism. Three agricultural indicators are used, namely: inputs (consisting of agricultural land and labour) and output (consisting of agricultural productivity growth). Using the generalized method of moments, the following findings are established. First, while transnational terrorism, unclear terrorism, the number of attacks and the number of deaths due to terrorism are positively associated with agricultural land, domestic and total terrorism reduce agricultural land. Second, all the terrorism indicators are negatively associated with agricultural productivity growth and agricultural labour in African countries. Globally, terrorism and terrorist threats are causing a decline in agricultural activity in Africa.

中文翻译：

---

恐怖主义对非洲国家农业的影响

尽管农业发展在战胜饥饿和实现粮食安全方面发挥了关键作用，但人们对恐怖主义对农业的跨国影响知之甚少。同时，有一些初步证据表明，冲突减少了农业投入和产出，例如土地，生产和收入。本文通过调查48个非洲国家在1998-2016年期间的恐怖主义对农业的影响，为这一新兴文献做出了贡献。使用了六个恐怖主义指标，分别是：国内恐怖主义，跨国恐怖主义，不清楚的恐怖主义，全面恐怖主义，袭击次数和由于恐怖主义造成的死亡人数。使用了三个农业指标，即：投入（由农业土地和劳动力组成）和产出（由农业生产率增长组成）。使用广义矩法，可以得出以下发现。首先，虽然跨国恐怖主义，不清楚的恐怖主义，恐怖主义袭击次数和死亡人数与农业用地成正相关，但国内恐怖主义和全面恐怖主义减少了农业用地。第二，所有恐怖主义指标都与非洲国家的农业生产率增长和农业劳动负相关。在全球范围内，恐怖主义和恐怖主义威胁正在造成非洲农业活动的减少。所有恐怖主义指标都与非洲国家的农业生产率增长和农业劳动负相关。在全球范围内，恐怖主义和恐怖主义威胁正在造成非洲农业活动的减少。所有恐怖主义指标都与非洲国家的农业生产率增长和农业劳动负相关。在全球范围内，恐怖主义和恐怖主义威胁正在造成非洲农业活动的减少。