Purpose

The purpose of this state-of-the-art review is to explore the empirical literature on federal intervention of police under 42 USC Section 14141.

Design/methodology/approach

A five-stage scoping review of the empirical literature related to 14141 was conducted through searches of scholarly databases and gray literature.

Findings

This scoping review revealed 21 empirical studies of 14141 published between 2002 and 2020 in criminal justice, criminology, legal and gray literature. Researchers employed various methodologies and designs to study 14141 reflecting the complexity of evaluating a multistage and multi-outcome federal intervention of police. The success of 14141 to reform police agencies is mixed. The empirical evidence suggests that application of this law is fraught with trade-offs and uncertainties including de-policing, increased crime and organizational difficulties in sustaining reform. Overall, more research would assist in understanding the efficacy of this federal mechanism of police accountability and reform.

Originality/value

This review is the first synthesis of the empirical literature on 14141. In consideration of the current national police crisis, findings help illuminate both what is known about federal intervention and areas for future research.

中文翻译：

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根据第14141条进行的联邦警察干预–最新文献回顾

目的

本最新审查的目的是探讨有关美国联邦法规第42条第14141条对联邦警察干预的经验文献。

设计/方法/方法

通过搜索学术数据库和灰色文献，对与14141相关的经验文献进行了五个阶段的范围回顾。

发现

这项范围界定性审查揭示了2002年至2020年之间发表的21141项针对14141的实证研究，涉及刑事司法，犯罪学，法律和灰色文学。研究人员采用了各种方法和设计来研究14141，这反映了评估警察多阶段，多结果联邦干预的复杂性。14141年成功改革警察机构的情况好坏参半。经验证据表明，该法律的应用充满了权衡和不确定性，包括去维持治安，犯罪增加和在维持改革方面的组织困难。总体而言，更多的研究将有助于理解联邦警察问责制和改革机制的有效性。

创意/价值

这篇评论是对14141年经验文献的首次综合。考虑到当前的国家警察危机，研究结果有助于阐明人们对联邦干预的了解以及未来的研究领域。