The severe restrictions on public life in many countries following the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic specifically affected Holocaust memorials and museums in all parts of the world, especially in Europe and in Israel. These measures posed a significant challenge, because contemporary forms of Holocaust commemoration are particularly based on the personal experience of presence at museums and historical sites. In contrast to the experience of distancing in face of the COVID-19 pandemic, establishing the presence of the past is thus a crucial element of contemporary Holocaust commemoration. This article explores the relationship between presence and absence, proximity and distance, guided commemoration and online engagement by critically analyzing digital activities of Holocaust memorials and museums in response to the pandemic. It argues that in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Holocaust memorials began experimenting with the potential of social media for Holocaust memory. These experiments finally accepted the ongoing generational change and reacted to significant previous shifts in media consumption that were already affecting Holocaust commemoration.

在COVID-19大流行之后，许多国家对公共生活的严格限制特别影响了世界各地，特别是在欧洲和以色列的大屠杀纪念馆和博物馆。这些措施构成了重大挑战，因为当代形式的大屠杀纪念活动尤其基于在博物馆和历史遗址中的亲身经历。与面对COVID-19大流行的疏远经历相反，建立过去的存在因此是当代大屠杀纪念活动的关键要素。本文通过批判性分析大屠杀纪念馆和博物馆针对大流行的数字活动，探索了存在与缺失，接近与距离，引导式纪念与在线参与之间的关系。它认为，在COVID-19大流行之后，大屠杀纪念馆开始试验社交媒体对大屠杀记忆的潜力。这些实验最终接受了持续的世代变化，并对先前已经影响大屠杀纪念的媒体消费发生了重大变化。