The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) have been held accountable for the “Russian crisis,” a major state-sponsored doping scandal, which began in 2014. The scandal has brought intense scrutiny on the IOC’s and WADA’s efficiency in curbing doping. This paper argues that their impaired credibility should not only be explained through their objective failure in preventing doping in Russia but can be mainly understood through an analysis of their staged promises of clean sport. This study relies on the analysis of a corpus of official policy documents from the IOC and WADA over the last two decades, several media sources, and field-notes from our “participant-as-observer” role during several anti-doping meetings. In the first part of this article, we argue that to convince the audiences of their commitment to the fight against doping, WADA and the IOC collaborate to create a “team presentation” in which “impression management” is used to stage promises of a strong anti-doping doxa. The second part of the article elaborates that performances are vulnerable and complicated. Because of its scale, the Russian crisis disrupted the IOC’s and WADA’s dramaturgy, revealing their individual agendas and their rivalries over the control of the doxa, with the IOC seeking to protect its power and WADA trying to remain a “trust device.” Finally, the article shows that the IOC and WADA trapped themselves within their own staged discourse because of their divisions and their outbidding promises of clean sport, which turned ineffective and even “toxic.” We conclude that such a scenario was detrimental to the overall anti-doping efforts and the subsequent credibility of these organizations.

世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）和国际奥林匹克委员会（IOC）已对“俄罗斯危机”负责，这是始于2014年的重大政府赞助的兴奋剂丑闻。该丑闻引起了国际奥委会的严格审查。和WADA抑制掺杂的效率。本文认为，他们的信誉受损不仅应通过防止俄罗斯使用兴奋剂的客观失败来解释，而且应主要通过分析其对清洁运动的分阶段承诺来加以理解。这项研究基于对过去二十年来国际奥委会和世界反兴奋剂机构的官方政策文件的语料库，几种媒体资源以及我们在几次反兴奋剂会议上“作为观察员的参与”角色的实地分析。在本文的第一部分，我们认为，为了说服听众他们对反兴奋剂的承诺，世界反兴奋剂机构和国际奥委会合作创建了一个“团队介绍”，其中“印象管理”用于兑现强烈反对反兴奋剂的承诺。文章的第二部分阐述了表演是脆弱且复杂的。由于规模之大，俄罗斯危机扰乱了国际奥委会和世界反兴奋剂机构的戏剧性，揭示了他们各自的议程和对控制阿克苏的竞争，国际奥委会寻求保护其权力，而世界反兴奋剂机构则试图保持“信任手段”。最后，该文章表明，国际奥委会和世界反兴奋剂机构由于各自的分歧和对清洁运动的过高承诺而陷入了自己的分阶段演讲中，这变成了无效甚至是“有毒的”。