While ethnologists have long noted that females lack access to social capital across cultures, the magnitude of this effect is rarely examined. Here, we investigate the nature of gender bias in one dimension of social capital, reputation. We extract data on reputations from the electronic Human Relations Area Files (eHRAF) database, specifically the societies in the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, and analyze whether there are fewer instances of feminine reputation relative to masculine reputation. In addition, we assess whether aspects of social structure or institutional biases in the production of ethnography affect the rate at which feminine reputations occur. We find that (a) most reputations are gendered male; (b) patrilocality and matriliny increase the rate at which feminine reputations occur, while patriliny decreases their occurrence; and (c) as female authorship increases over time, inclusion of feminine subject matter increases, which resulted in a greater incidence of feminine reputations. Ultimately, our analyses highlight the need for increased focus on feminine subject matters and gendered social capital in the discipline of anthropology.

中文翻译：

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追踪声誉中的跨文化性别偏见

虽然民族学家早就注意到女性无法获得跨文化的社会资本，但很少研究这种影响的程度。在这里，我们在社会资本、声誉的一个维度中调查性别偏见的性质。我们从电子人际关系领域文件 (eHRAF) 数据库中提取声誉数据，特别是标准跨文化样本中的社会，并分析女性声誉相对于男性声誉的实例是否更少。此外，我们评估了民族志产生中的社会结构或制度偏见方面是否会影响女性声誉的发生率。我们发现 (a) 大多数声誉都是男性；(b) 父系和母系增加了女性名声的发生率，而父系则减少了它们的发生率；(c) 随着女性作者人数的增加，女性题材的收录增加，从而导致女性声誉的增加。最终，我们的分析强调需要更多地关注人类学学科中的女性主题和性别社会资本。