In this study, we extend the research on lateness for meetings and appointments by taking a cultural norms perspective among South African (n = 76), Dutch (n = 86), and Pakistani (n = 83) respondents. Based upon the distinction between clock time and event time cultures, we examined time norms related to lateness. Pakistani respondents (from an event time culture) differed from the other two groups (from clock time cultures) in how they defined lateness to business meetings. Also, they found larger time intervals of lateness acceptable for appointments than the other two groups Based upon considerations related to power distance, we additionally tested whether not only clock or event time but also status would matter to lateness norms. In contrast to the South African and Pakistani respondents, Dutch respondents did not allow longer waiting times for people with higher status. We discuss our results in light of theoretical and practical implications and provide suggestions for future research.

中文翻译：

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为时已晚？你的意思是？关于会议和约会迟到的文化规范

在这项研究中，我们从南非（n = 76）、荷兰（n = 86）和巴基斯坦（n = 83）受访者的文化规范角度扩展了对会议和约会迟到的研究。基于时钟时间和事件时间文化之间的区别，我们检查了与迟到相关的时间规范。巴基斯坦受访者（来自活动时间文化）与其他两组（来自时钟时间文化）的不同之处在于他们如何定义商务会议迟到。此外，他们发现与其他两组相比，约会可接受的迟到时间间隔更大。基于与权力距离相关的考虑，我们还测试了时钟或事件时间以及状态是否会影响迟到规范。与南非和巴基斯坦的受访者相比，荷兰受访者不允许身份较高的人等待更长的时间。我们根据理论和实践意义讨论我们的结果，并为未来的研究提供建议。