The question of when and how international orders change remains a pertinent issue of International Relations theory. This article develops the model of pragmatic ordering to conceptualise change. The model of pragmatic ordering synthesises recent theoretical arguments for a focus on ordering advanced in-practice theory, pragmatist philosophy, and related approaches. It also integrates evidence from recent global governance research. We propose a five-stage model. According to the model, once a new problem emerges (problematisation), informality allows for experimenting with new practices and developing new knowledge (informalisation and experimentation). Once these experimental practices become codified, and survive contestation, they increasingly settle (codification) and are spread through learning and translation processes (consolidation). We draw on the rise of the maritime security agenda as a paradigmatic case and examine developments in the Western Indian Ocean region to illustrate each of these stages. The article draws attention to the substantial reorganisation of maritime space occurring over the past decade and offers an innovative approach for the study of orders and change.

中文翻译：

---

务实的命令：非正式、实验和海上安全议程

国际秩序何时以及如何变化的问题仍然是国际关系理论的一个相关问题。本文开发了实用排序模型来概念化变化。实用排序模型综合了最近的理论论点，重点关注高级实践理论、实用主义哲学和相关方法的排序。它还整合了近期全球治理研究的证据。我们提出了一个五阶段模型。根据该模型，一旦出现新问题（问题化），非正式性就允许尝试新实践并开发新知识（非正式化和实验）。一旦这些实验实践被编纂并在争论中幸存下来，它们就会越来越多地解决（编纂）并通过学习和翻译过程（巩固）传播。我们将海上安全议程的兴起作为一个典型案例，并研究西印度洋地区的发展以说明每个阶段。本文提请注意过去十年发生的海洋空间的重大重组，并为研究秩序和变化提供了一种创新方法。