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Institutionalized migrant solidarity in the late Ottoman Empire: Armenian homeland associations (1800s–1920s)
New Perspectives on Turkey ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-06 , DOI: 10.1017/npt.2020.16
Yaşar Tolga Cora

By focusing on the Armenian homeland associations (hayrenakts‘akank‘) established in Istanbul in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this article examines the migrants’ activism and their achievements—facilitated by affective bonds based on shared origins. It outlines the Istanbul-based homeland associations’ development chronologically and discusses their cultural and economic goals in their home regions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The article then focuses on their durability and ability to adapt to the needs of the communities in the series of great political and demographic changes in the late Ottoman Empire from mid-1890s to their reconstruction after the end of World War I. The homeland associations established in the post-genocide period reflect the persistence of local belonging as a basis of solidarity and they fulfilled important functions as information networks and intermediaries between the survivors and the community administration. The article argues that Armenian homeland associations constituted a space in which agency of the migrants and their interaction with broader social and political developments could be observed in the late Ottoman Empire. They were one of the most durable and institutionalized forms of migrant solidarity which render migrants’ agency visible in the historiography of the late Ottoman Empire.

中文翻译:

奥斯曼帝国晚期的制度化移民团结:亚美尼亚本土协会(1800 年代至 1920 年代)

通过关注 19 世纪和 20 世纪初在伊斯坦布尔成立的亚美尼亚家园协会 (hayrenakts'akank'),本文考察了移民的激进主义及其成就——这得益于基于共同起源的情感纽带。它按时间顺序概述了位于伊斯坦布尔的本土协会的发展,并讨论了它们在 19 世纪和 20 世纪在其所在地区的文化和经济目标。然后,本文重点介绍了在奥斯曼帝国晚期从 1890 年代中期到第一次世界大战结束后的重建期间发生的一系列重大政治和人口变化中,它们的持久性和适应社区需求的能力。后种族灭绝时期建立的家园协会反映了作为团结基础的地方归属感的持久性,它们履行了作为幸存者与社区管理之间的信息网络和中介的重要功能。文章认为,亚美尼亚本土协会构成了一个空间,在这个空间中,可以观察到奥斯曼帝国晚期移民的能动性及其与更广泛的社会和政治发展的互动。它们是最持久和制度化的移民团结形式之一,使移民的能动性在奥斯曼帝国晚期的史学中可见一斑。文章认为,亚美尼亚本土协会构成了一个空间,在这个空间中,可以观察到奥斯曼帝国晚期移民的能动性及其与更广泛的社会和政治发展的互动。它们是最持久和制度化的移民团结形式之一,使移民的能动性在奥斯曼帝国晚期的史学中可见一斑。文章认为,亚美尼亚本土协会构成了一个空间,在这个空间中,可以观察到奥斯曼帝国晚期移民的能动性及其与更广泛的社会和政治发展的互动。它们是最持久和制度化的移民团结形式之一,使移民的能动性在奥斯曼帝国晚期的史学中可见一斑。
更新日期:2020-07-06
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