In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a small group of antiapartheid activists, led by the American Committee on Africa and chair of the House Subcommittee on Africa Rep. Charles Diggs Jr., launched a campaign against South African Airways' new flights into the United States. Using the legal and political strategies of the American civil rights movement, and the fragmentation of power within the American political system, activists tried to turn South African apartheid into an American civil rights problem that American government institutions could address. The strategy was indebted to the political and legal strategies of the civil rights movement, but framing demands around existing civil rights law necessarily limited what activists could ask for and what domestic institutions could provide. In practice, the campaign's successes were limited and legalistic; where domestic civil rights law directly conflicted with apartheid law, airlines could comply with the former without really challenging the latter. And the foreign policy context meant more failures than successes, as domestic legal institutions were reluctant to involve themselves with foreign policy concerns. Their successes and failures nonetheless tell us much about legal mobilization and institutional behavior in a period of globalization where sovereignty and jurisdictional lines were overlapping and conflicting.

中文翻译：

---

“南非是世界的密西西比州”：通过国内民权法开展的反种族隔离行动

在 1960 年代末和 1970 年代初，由美国非洲委员会和众议院非洲小组委员会主席小查尔斯·迪格斯领导的一小群反种族隔离活动人士发起了一场反对南非航空公司飞往美国的新航班的运动。状态。利用美国民权运动的法律和政治战略，以及美国政治体系内的权力分散，活动人士试图将南非种族隔离变成美国政府机构可以解决的美国民权问题。该战略得益于民权运动的政治和法律战略，但围绕现有民权法提出要求必然会限制活动家可以要求的内容以及国内机构可以提供的内容。在实践中，该运动' s 的成功是有限的和合法的；在国内民权法与种族隔离法直接冲突的情况下，航空公司可以在不真正挑战后者的情况下遵守前者。外交政策背景意味着失败多于成功，因为国内法律机构不愿让自己参与外交政策问题。尽管如此，他们的成功和失败告诉我们很多关于在主权和管辖范围重叠和冲突的全球化时期的法律动员和制度行为。因为国内法律机构不愿参与外交政策问题。尽管如此，他们的成功和失败告诉我们很多关于在主权和管辖范围重叠和冲突的全球化时期的法律动员和制度行为。因为国内法律机构不愿参与外交政策问题。尽管如此，他们的成功和失败告诉我们很多关于在主权和管辖范围重叠和冲突的全球化时期的法律动员和制度行为。