A century ago Arthur Pigou published The Economics of Welfare. Within this volume are a few lines relating to the pricing of traffic congestion. Over the years, these lines have attracted the attention and thoughts of some of the leading economists of their day. These have included Knight, Clapham, and Robertson in the 1920s; Kahn and Viner in the 1930s; Ellis and Fellner in the 1940s; and Buchanan, Vickrey, Solow, Friedman, Walters, Demsetz, Newbery, and Allais in the post-World War II period. Here, I look at the academic arguments from the 1920s concerning how roads should be priced and by whom. I then move to consider the continuation of the intellectual debates after World War II and their implications for policy design and implementation. Finally, I briefly look at the extent to which some of the existing road congestion pricing systems meet the requirements of the economic theory.

中文翻译：

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从 PIGOU 的道路定价理念到应用的转变

一个世纪前，亚瑟·庇古发表了《福利经济学》。在这一卷中有几行与交通拥堵的定价有关。多年来，这些路线引起了当时一些主要经济学家的关注和思考。其中包括 1920 年代的 Knight、Clapham 和 Robertson；1930 年代的卡恩和维纳；1940 年代的埃利斯和费尔纳；以及二战后时期的布坎南、维克里、索洛、弗里德曼、沃尔特斯、德姆塞茨、纽伯里和阿莱。在这里，我看一下 1920 年代关于道路应该如何定价以及由谁定价的学术论点。然后我开始考虑二战后知识辩论的延续及其对政策设计和实施的影响。最后，