Since members of rescue forces such as firefighters have to deal with sometimes extreme and dangerous situations, high-quality basic trainings are indispensable for their professional success. There is therefore an obvious need for standardized tools assessing the training quality. This paper aims to develop and validate such an evaluation instrument. In Study 1, a qualitative analysis (N = 21) was used to identify core characteristics of good firefighter basic trainings and served as theoretical basis for the generation of corresponding items. In Study 2 (N = 257), the item set was piloted and reduced, its structure was assessed in exploratory factor analyses, and first validations were conducted. Study 3 (N = 451) tested the proposed factor structure via confirmatory analyses and validated the questionnaire comprehensively. Factor analyses showed a six-factor structure. The scales of the newly created Feedback Instrument for Rescue forces Education – Basic education (FIRE-B) are to be judged as reliable. Moreover, there are several clear indications of validity. Thus, the present research contributes to the understanding of critical factors and processes of basic trainings. Furthermore, the FIRE-B has a high practical relevance, both in the assessment of training quality and in the identification of opportunities for improvement.

中文翻译：

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救援部队基本训练评估

由于诸如消防员之类的救援部队的成员有时必须面对极端和危险的情况，因此高质量的基础培训对于他们的职业成功必不可少。因此，显然需要评估培训质量的标准化工具。本文旨在开发和验证这种评估工具。在研究1中，使用定性分析（N  = 21）来确定良好的消防员基础训练的核心特征，并作为生成相应项目的理论基础。在研究2中（N  = 257），对项目集进行了试验和简化，在探索性因素分析中评估了项目的结构，并进行了首次验证。研究3（Ñ = 451）通过验证性分析测试了建议的因子结构，并全面验证了问卷。因子分析显示了六因子结构。新创建的救援力量教育反馈工具-基础教育（FIRE-B）的等级应被认为是可靠的。此外，有几个明确的有效性指示。因此，本研究有助于理解关键因素和基础培训的过程。此外，FIRE-B在评估培训质量和确定改进机会方面都具有很高的实用意义。