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Rebound in functional distinctiveness following warming and reduced fishing in the North Sea
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 , DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1600
Juliette Murgier 1 , Matthew McLean 2 , Anthony Maire 3 , David Mouillot 4 , Nicolas Loiseau 4 , François Munoz 5 , Cyrille Violle 6 , Arnaud Auber 1
Affiliation  

Functionally distinct species (i.e. species with unique trait combinations in the community) can support important ecological roles and contribute disproportionately to ecosystem functioning. Yet, how functionally distinct species have responded to recent climate change and human exploitation has been widely overlooked. Here, using ecological traits and long-term fish data in the North Sea, we identified functionally distinct and functionally common species, and evaluated their spatial and temporal dynamics in relation to environmental variables and fishing pressure. Functionally distinct species were characterized by late sexual maturity, few, large offspring, and high parental care, many being sharks and skates that play critical roles in structuring food webs. Both functionally distinct and functionally common species increased in abundance as ocean temperatures warmed and fishing pressure decreased over the last three decades; however, functionally distinct species increased throughout the North Sea, but primarily in southern North Sea where fishing was historically most intense, indicating a rebound following fleet decommissioning and reduced harvesting. Yet, some of the most functionally distinct species are currently listed as threatened by the IUCN and considered highly vulnerable to fishing pressure. Alarmingly these species have not rebounded. This work highlights the relevance and potential of integrating functional distinctiveness into ecosystem management and conservation prioritization.

中文翻译:

北海变暖和捕捞减少后功能独特性的反弹

功能不同的物种(即群落中具有独特性状组合的物种)可以支持重要的生态作用并对生态系统功能做出不成比例的贡献。然而,功能不同的物种如何应对最近的气候变化和人类剥削被广泛忽视。在这里,我们利用北海的生态特征和长期鱼类数据,确定了功能不同和功能共同的物种,并评估了它们与环境变量和捕捞压力相关的时空动态。功能不同的物种的特点是性成熟晚、后代数量少、后代多、父母照顾程度高,其中许多是鲨鱼和鳐鱼,它们在构建食物网方面发挥着关键作用。在过去的 30 年里,随着海洋温度升高和捕捞压力下降,功能不同和功能共同的物种数量增加;然而,功能不同的物种在整个北海有所增加,但主要是在历史上捕鱼最密集的北海南部,表明在船队退役和捕捞减少后出现反弹。然而,一些功能最独特的物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为受威胁物种,并被认为极易受到捕捞压力的影响。令人震惊的是,这些物种并没有反弹。这项工作突出了将功能独特性纳入生态系统管理和保护优先级的相关性和潜力。功能不同的物种在整个北海有所增加,但主要是在历史上捕捞最为密集的北海南部,表明在船队退役和捕捞减少后出现反弹。然而,一些功能最独特的物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为受威胁物种,并被认为极易受到捕捞压力的影响。令人震惊的是,这些物种并没有反弹。这项工作突出了将功能独特性纳入生态系统管理和保护优先级的相关性和潜力。功能不同的物种在整个北海有所增加,但主要是在历史上捕捞最为密集的北海南部,表明在船队退役和捕捞减少后出现反弹。然而,一些功能最独特的物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为受威胁物种,并被认为极易受到捕捞压力的影响。令人震惊的是,这些物种并没有反弹。这项工作突出了将功能独特性纳入生态系统管理和保护优先级的相关性和潜力。一些功能最独特的物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为受威胁物种,并被认为极易受到捕捞压力的影响。令人震惊的是,这些物种并没有反弹。这项工作突出了将功能独特性纳入生态系统管理和保护优先级的相关性和潜力。一些功能最独特的物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为受威胁物种,并被认为极易受到捕捞压力的影响。令人震惊的是,这些物种并没有反弹。这项工作突出了将功能独特性纳入生态系统管理和保护优先级的相关性和潜力。
更新日期:2021-01-13
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