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Modelling the effect of birth and feeding modes on the development of human gut microbiota
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 , DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1810
Xiyan Xiong 1 , Sara L Loo 1 , Li Zhang 1 , Mark M Tanaka 1
Affiliation  

The human gut microbiota is transmitted from mother to infant through vaginal birth and breastfeeding. Bifidobacterium, a genus that dominates the infants’ gut, is adapted to breast milk in its ability to metabolize human milk oligosaccharides; it is regarded as a mutualist owing to its involvement in the development of the immune system. The composition of microbiota, including the abundance of Bifidobacteria, is highly variable between individuals and some microbial profiles are associated with diseases. However, whether and how birth and feeding practices contribute to such variation remains unclear. To understand how early events affect the establishment of microbiota, we develop a mathematical model of two types of Bifidobacteria and a generic compartment of commensal competitors. We show how early events affect competition between mutualists and commensals and microbe-host-immune interactions to cause long-term alterations in gut microbial profiles. Bifidobacteria associated with breast milk can trigger immune responses with lasting effects on the microbial community structure. Our model shows that, in response to a change in birth environment, competition alone can produce two distinct microbial profiles post-weaning. Adding immune regulation to our competition model allows for variations in microbial profiles in response to different feeding practices. This analysis highlights the importance of microbe–microbe and microbe–host interactions in shaping the gut populations following different birth and feeding modes.

中文翻译:

模拟出生和喂养方式对人类肠道微生物群发育的影响

人类肠道微生物群通过阴道分娩和母乳喂养从母亲传给婴儿。双歧杆菌是一种在婴儿肠道中占主导地位的属,它适应母乳代谢人乳寡糖的能力;由于它参与免疫系统的发展,它被认为是互惠互利的。微生物群的组成,包括双歧杆菌的丰度,在个体之间存在很大差异,一些微生物谱与疾病有关。然而,分娩和喂养方式是否以及如何导致这种差异仍不清楚。为了了解早期事件如何影响微生物群的建立,我们开发了两种双歧杆菌和共生竞争者的通用隔间的数学模型。我们展示了早期事件如何影响共生体和共生体之间的竞争以及微生物-宿主-免疫相互作用,从而导致肠道微生物谱的长期变化。与母乳相关的双歧杆菌可以触发免疫反应,并对微生物群落结构产生持久影响。我们的模型表明,为了应对出生环境的变化,仅靠竞争就可以在断奶后产生两种不同的微生物特征。在我们的竞争模型中添加免疫调节允许微生物谱因不同的喂养实践而变化。该分析强调了微生物-微生物和微生物-宿主相互作用在塑造不同出生和喂养模式后的肠道种群方面的重要性。与母乳相关的双歧杆菌可以触发免疫反应,并对微生物群落结构产生持久影响。我们的模型表明,为了应对出生环境的变化,仅靠竞争就可以在断奶后产生两种不同的微生物特征。在我们的竞争模型中添加免疫调节允许微生物谱因不同的喂养实践而变化。该分析强调了微生物-微生物和微生物-宿主相互作用在塑造不同出生和喂养模式后的肠道种群方面的重要性。与母乳相关的双歧杆菌可以触发免疫反应,并对微生物群落结构产生持久影响。我们的模型表明,为了应对出生环境的变化,仅靠竞争就可以在断奶后产生两种不同的微生物特征。在我们的竞争模型中添加免疫调节允许微生物谱因不同的喂养实践而变化。该分析强调了微生物-微生物和微生物-宿主相互作用在塑造不同出生和喂养模式后的肠道种群方面的重要性。在我们的竞争模型中添加免疫调节允许微生物谱因不同的喂养实践而变化。该分析强调了微生物-微生物和微生物-宿主相互作用在塑造不同出生和喂养模式后的肠道种群方面的重要性。在我们的竞争模型中添加免疫调节允许微生物谱因不同的喂养实践而变化。该分析强调了微生物-微生物和微生物-宿主相互作用在塑造不同出生和喂养模式后的肠道种群方面的重要性。
更新日期:2021-01-13
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