The aerospace, automotive, and marine industries are heavily reliant on sandwich panels with cellular material cores. Although honeycombs with hexagonal cells are the most commonly used geometries as cores, recently there have been new alternatives in the design of lightweight structures. The present work aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of metallic and polymeric honeycomb structures, with configurations recently proposed and different in-plane orientations, produced by additive and subtractive manufacturing processes. Structures with configurations such as regular hexagonal honeycomb (Hr), lotus (Lt), and hexagonal honeycomb with Plateau borders (Pt), with 0°, 45°, and 90° orientations were analyzed. To evaluate its properties, three-point bending tests were performed, both experimentally and by numerical modeling, by means of the finite element method. Honeycombs of two aluminum alloys and polylactic acid were fabricated. The structures produced in aluminum were obtained either by selective laser melting technology or by machining, while polylactic acid structures were obtained by material extrusion using fused filament fabrication. From the stress distribution analysis and the load–displacement curves, it was possible to evaluate the strength, stiffness, and absorbed energy of the structures. Failure modes were also analyzed for polylactic acid honeycombs. In general, a strong correlation was observed between numerical and experimental results. The results show that the stiffness and absorbed energy increase in the order, Hr, Pt, Lt, and with the orientation through the sequence, 45°, 90°, 0°. Thus, Lt structures with 0° orientation seem to be good alternatives to the traditional honeycombs used in sandwich composite panels for those industrial applications where low weight, high stiffness, and large energy-absorbing capacity are required.

航空航天，汽车和船舶工业高度依赖具有蜂窝状材料芯的夹芯板。尽管带有六角形蜂窝的蜂窝是最常用的几何形状作为芯，但最近在轻型结构的设计中有了新的替代方法。本工作旨在评估金属和聚合物蜂窝结构的机械性能，具有最近提出的配置以及通过加法和减法制造工艺生产的不同面内取向。分析了具有0°，45°和90°取向的规则六边形蜂窝（Hr），莲花（Lt）和具有高原边界（Pt）的六边形蜂窝等结构的结构。为了评估其性能，我们通过实验和数值模拟进行了三点弯曲测试，通过有限元方法。制造了两种铝合金和聚乳酸的蜂窝。铝制结构可通过选择性激光熔融技术或机械加工获得，而聚乳酸结构可通过使用熔融长丝制造的材料挤出来获得。通过应力分布分析和载荷-位移曲线，可以评估结构的强度，刚度和吸收能。还分析了聚乳酸蜂窝的失效模式。通常，在数值和实验结果之间观察到很强的相关性。结果表明，刚度和吸收能按Hr，Pt，Lt的顺序增加，并且随序列的方向分别增加45°，90°，0°。从而，