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Plant-derived benzoxazinoids act as antibiotics and shape bacterial communities
bioRxiv - Plant Biology Pub Date : 2021-04-30 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.12.425818
Niklas Schandry , Katharina Jandrasits , Ruben Garrido-Oter , Claude Becker

Plants synthesize and release specialized metabolites into their environment that can serve as chemical cues for other organisms. Metabolites that are released from the roots are important factors in determining which microorganisms will colonize the root and become part of the plant rhizosphere. Root exudates can be converted by soil microorganisms, which can result in the formation of toxic compounds. How individual members of the plant rhizosphere respond to individual compounds and how the differential response of individual microorganisms contributes to the response of a microbial community remains an open question. Here, we investigated the impact of derivatives of benzoxazinoids, a class of plant root exudates released by important crops such as wheat and maize, on a collection of 180 root-associated bacteria. Phenoxazine, derived in soil from benzoxazinoids, inhibited the growth of root-associated bacteria in vitro in an isolate-specific manner, with sensitive and resistant isolates present in most of the studied clades. Using synthetic communities, we show that community stability is a consequence of the resilience of its individual members, with communities assembled from tolerant isolates being overall more tolerant to benzoxazinoids. However, the performance of an isolate in a community context was not correlated with its individual performance but appeared to be shaped by interactions between isolates. These interactions were independent of the overall community composition and were strain-specific, with interactions between different representatives of the same bacterial genera accounting for differential community composition.

中文翻译:

植物来源的苯并恶嗪类化合物可充当抗生素并塑造细菌群落

植物可以合成特殊的代谢物并将其释放到环境中,从而可以为其他生物提供化学线索。从根部释放的代谢物是确定哪些微生物将在根部定居并成为植物根际的一部分的重要因素。根系分泌物可以被土壤微生物转化,这可能导致有毒化合物的形成。植物根际中的各个成员如何响应单个化合物以及单个微生物的差异响应如何促进微生物群落的响应仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在这里,我们研究了苯并恶嗪类衍生物(一种由重要农作物(例如小麦和玉米)释放的植物根系分泌物)对180种根系相关细菌的影响。苯恶嗪,在土壤中从苯并恶嗪类化合物中提取的细菌,以分离物特异性的方式抑制了与根相关的细菌的体外生长,大多数研究进化枝中都存在敏感和抗性的分离物。使用合成社区,我们显示出社区稳定性是其单个成员具有弹性的结果,由耐受性分离株组装而成的社区总体上对苯并恶嗪类化合物具有更大的耐受性。但是,隔离株在社区环境中的表现与其个体表现无关,但似乎受隔离株之间相互作用的影响。这些相互作用与总体群落组成无关,并且是菌株特异性的,同一细菌属的不同代表之间的相互作用解释了不同的群落组成。在大多数研究进化枝中都存在敏感和抗性的分离株,从而以一种分离物特异性的方式抑制了根相关细菌的体外生长。使用合成社区,我们显示出社区稳定性是其单个成员具有弹性的结果,由耐受性分离株组装而成的社区总体上对苯并恶嗪类化合物具有更大的耐受性。但是,隔离群在社区环境中的表现与其个体表现并不相关,但似乎受隔离群之间相互作用的影响。这些相互作用与总体群落组成无关,并且是菌株特异性的,同一细菌属的不同代表之间的相互作用解释了不同的群落组成。在大多数研究进化枝中都存在敏感和抗性的分离株,从而以一种分离物特异性的方式抑制了根相关细菌的体外生长。使用合成社区,我们显示出社区稳定性是其单个成员具有弹性的结果,由耐受性分离株组装而成的社区总体上对苯并恶嗪类化合物具有更大的耐受性。但是,隔离群在社区环境中的表现与其个体表现并不相关,但似乎受隔离群之间相互作用的影响。这些相互作用与总体群落组成无关,并且是菌株特异性的,同一细菌属的不同代表之间的相互作用解释了不同的群落组成。
更新日期:2021-04-30
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