The possibility of early treatment and a better outcome is the direct product of early identification and characterization of any pathological condition. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in social communication, restricted, and repetitive patterns of behavior. In recent times, various tools and methods have been developed for the early identification and characterization of ASD features as early as 6 months of age. Thorough and exhaustive research has been done to identify biomarkers in ASD using noninvasive neuroimaging and various molecular methods. By employing advanced assessment tools such as MRI and behavioral assessment methods for accurate characterization of the ASD features and may facilitate pre-emptive interventional and targeted therapy programs. However, the application of advanced quantitative MRI methods is still confined to investigational/laboratory settings, and the clinical implication of these imaging methods in personalized medicine is still in infancy. Longitudinal research studies in neurodevelopmental disorders are the need of the hour for accurate characterization of brain–behavioral changes that could be monitored over a period of time. These findings would be more reliable and consistent with translating into the clinics. This review article aims to focus on the recent advancement of early biomarkers for the characterization of ASD features at a younger age using behavioral and quantitative MRI methods.

早期治疗和更好结果的可能性是早期识别和表征任何病理状况的直接产物。自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是社交沟通障碍、受限和重复的行为模式。最近，已经开发了各种工具和方法来早期识别和表征 ASD 特征，早在 6 个月大的时候。已经进行了彻底和详尽的研究，以使用无创神经成像和各种分子方法来识别 ASD 中的生物标志物。通过采用先进的评估工具，如 MRI 和行为评估方法来准确表征 ASD 特征，并可能促进先发制人的介入和靶向治疗计划。然而，先进的定量 MRI 方法的应用仍局限于研究/实验室环境，这些成像方法在个性化医学中的临床意义仍处于起步阶段。神经发育障碍的纵向研究是小时的需要，以准确描述可以在一段时间内监测的大脑行为变化。这些发现将更可靠，并与转化为临床结果一致。这篇评论文章旨在关注早期生物标志物的最新进展，这些标志物用于使用行为和定量 MRI 方法表征年轻时的 ASD 特征。这些成像方法在个性化医疗中的临床意义仍处于起步阶段。神经发育障碍的纵向研究是小时的需要，以准确描述可以在一段时间内监测的大脑行为变化。这些发现将更可靠，并与转化为临床结果一致。这篇评论文章旨在关注早期生物标志物的最新进展，这些标志物用于使用行为和定量 MRI 方法表征年轻时的 ASD 特征。这些成像方法在个性化医疗中的临床意义仍处于起步阶段。神经发育障碍的纵向研究是小时的需要，以准确描述可以在一段时间内监测的大脑行为变化。这些发现将更可靠，并与转化为临床结果一致。这篇评论文章旨在关注早期生物标志物的最新进展，这些标志物用于使用行为和定量 MRI 方法表征年轻时的 ASD 特征。