The Duero River borderland between Spain and Portugal is a region marked by historic geographic isolation and more recently by economic marginalization. Acknowledged for not only its biodiversity, the cultural landscape is also distinguished by its archaeological, historic, and ethnographic heritage. Due to massive socioeconomic outmigration and a prevalent cultural disdain for the countryside, there is a developing disconnection of the collective memory among village residents with the cultural landscape and its agropastoral past. In this study, the principles of the Historic Landscape Characterization methodology and the ideals established by the European Landscape Convention of 2000 are implemented due to their goals of community engagement and awareness raising of the value of cultural landscapes. A strong ethnographic component has been applied to this research whereby residents in interviews characterize the landscape through the recollection of its toponyms and past agropastoral land use. The data acquired from the interviews are input into a GIS as ethnographic layers to complement the empirical landscape analyses. This aggregation of information is placed into a final series of maps for residents and regional authorities to access, use, and learn from the unique landscape history of the region. The value of the analysis is twofold: (1) it contributes to the interpretation of the historical development of the Duero River transborder landscape; and (2) it demonstrates the role of incorporating an ethnographic approach into an archaeological landscape analysis.

中文翻译：

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绘制过去：利用民族志和当地空间知识来描绘杜罗河边境景观

西班牙和葡萄牙之间的杜罗河边境地区是一个历史上地理上孤立的地区，最近又出现了经济边缘化的地区。文化景观不仅因其生物多样性而闻名，还因其考古、历史和民族志遗产而闻名。由于大规模的社会经济移民和普遍存在的对乡村的文化蔑视，乡村居民的集体记忆与文化景观及其农牧历史日益脱节。在这项研究中，历史景观表征方法的原则和 2000 年欧洲景观公约确立的理想得到了实施，因为它们的目标是社区参与和提高对文化景观价值的认识。这项研究应用了强大的民族志成分，接受采访的居民通过回忆地名和过去的农牧土地利用来描述景观。从访谈中获得的数据作为民族志图层输入地理信息系统，以补充经验景观分析。这些信息汇总被放入最终的一系列地图中，供居民和地区当局访问、使用和了解该地区独特的景观历史。该分析的价值是双重的：（1）有助于解释杜罗河跨境景观的历史发展；(2)它展示了将民族志方法纳入考古景观分析的作用。