Westergaard (2019) presents an updated account of the Linguistic Proximity Model and the micro-cue approach to the parser as an acquisition device. The property-by-property view of transfer inherent in this approach contrasts with other influential models that assume that third language (L3) acquisition involves the creation of a full copy of only one previously existing language in the mind. In this commentary, I review Westergaard’s proposal that first language (L1), second language (L2), and L3 acquisition proceed on the basis of incremental, conservative learning and her view of the parser as the engine of the acquisition process. I then provide several arguments in support of her position that crosslinguistic influence in Ln acquisition may flow from any previously acquired language.

Westergaard（2019）提出了语言邻近模型的最新描述以及解析器作为获取设备的微提示方法。这种方法所固有的逐属性转移视图与其他有影响力的模型形成对比，这些模型假定第三语言（L3）的获取涉及脑中仅一种先前存在的语言的完整复制。在这篇评论中，我回顾了Westergaard的建议，即第一语言（L1），第二语言（L2）和L3习得是在渐进的，保守的学习基础上进行的，并且她认为解析器是习得过程的引擎。然后，我提供了一些论据来支持她的立场，即跨语言对L n习得的影响可能来自任何先前习得的语言。