Abstract

The flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv. Hangju (Hangbaiju) are taken as a traditional medicine and health promoting tea due to their flavonoids. Selenium (Se) and gibberellic acid (GA) affect the flavonoid content of C. morifolium. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of Se combined with GA on Hangbaiju. Here, two-year field experiments were conducted with Se (sodium selenite [Na₂SeO₃]) and GA (50 and 100 mg L⁻¹) applications alone or in combination, and the treatments were denoted as CK, Se₅₀, Se₁₀₀, GA₅₀, GA₁₀₀, Se₅₀+GA₅₀, and Se₁₀₀+GA₁₀₀. Se and GA application decreased the leaf soluble sugar contents, increased the soluble protein contents, and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. The enhanced SOD and CAT activities were more pronounced with GA applications alone than other treatments. Se and GA applications increased the flower yield of Hangbaiju, and the highest values were recorded with Se₅₀+GA₅₀ in 2017 and 2018. When Se was applied alone or in combination with GA, the soluble sugar contents in Hangbaiju flowers showed the same trend as the flavonoid content; when GA was applied alone, the opposite trend was recorded. This fact suggested that Se and GA application modulate plant allocation of photosynthates to different metabolic pathways. Se application alone or in combination with GA increased the Se and flavonoid contents; the highest values of soluble sugar, protein and water extract contents were recorded with the Se₅₀+GA₅₀ application in 2017 and 2018, and the results provide an innovative approach to enhance the yield and quality of Hangbaiju flowers.

摘要

菊花moratolium Ramat cv的花。杭菊（Hangbaiju）因含有黄酮类成分，被视为传统医药和健康茶。硒（Se）和赤霉素（GA）会影响mo草（C. morifolium）的类黄酮含量。然而，很少有研究评估硒和赤霉素联合对杭白菊的作用。这里，两年田间试验用硒（亚硒酸钠的[Na进行₂的SeO ₃ ]）和GA（50和100毫克的L ^-1）单独应用或组合，并且处理被表示为CK，硒₅₀，硒₁₀₀，GA ₅₀，GA ₁₀₀，Se ₅₀ + GA ₅₀和Se₁₀₀ + GA ₁₀₀。硒和赤霉素的施用降低了叶片的可溶性糖含量，增加了可溶性蛋白质含量，并增强了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性。单独使用GA施用的SOD和CAT活性增强效果明显优于其他处理。硒和赤霉素的施用提高了杭白菊的花卉产量，其中硒₅₀ +赤霉素_50的记录最高。在2017年和2018年，当单独或与GA联合使用Se时，杭白菊花中的可溶性糖含量与黄酮含量呈相同趋势；当单独应用GA时，记录了相反的趋势。这一事实表明，硒和赤霉素的应用调节了植物光合产物向不同代谢途径的分配。单独或与GA结合使用硒会增加硒和类黄酮的含量；Se ₅₀ + GA _50的应用在2017年和2018年记录了最高的可溶性糖，蛋白质和水提取物含量，结果为提高杭白菊花卉的产量和质量提供了创新的方法。