Rhizoma peanut (RP; Arachis glabrata Benth.) is an important perennial forage legume in the US Gulf Coast region, but propagation using rhizomes and prolonged establishment periods limit its adoption. Genotypes and management practices that hasten establishment are needed. Our objective was to determine the effects of RP growth habit and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application during shoot emergence on biomass partitioning and measures of establishment success during the year-of- and year-after-planting. Field experiments were conducted during 2016 through 2018. Treatments were the factorial combinations of two RP entries differing in growth habit (decumbent germplasm Ecoturf and upright cultivar ‘UF Tito’) and three N rates (0, 40, and 80 kg/ha applied 10 weeks after planting [WAP]) arranged in four replications of a randomized complete block design. Upright UF Tito had greater shoot (194 vs. 125 g/m²) and root-rhizome biomass (249 vs. 111 g/m²) than decumbent Ecoturf at the end of the year of planting. Early growth patterns explained this response in part, as UF Tito had greater leaf area index (LAI; 0.58 vs. 0.39) and lesser root-rhizome: shoot ratio (0.62 vs. 0.77) than Ecoturf at 20 WAP. Nitrogen fertilization had minimal effects on shoot biomass, and it did not affect root-rhizome biomass. The entry effect on establishment performance persisted through the year after planting with UF Tito outperforming Ecoturf. Use of an RP genotype that prioritized leaf area and shoot versus root-rhizome biomass during early growth was more important than N fertilization in expediting RP establishment.

中文翻译：

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植株生长习性和氮肥对立地花生生物量分配的影响

花生根 (RP; Arachis glabrataBenth.) 是美国墨西哥湾沿岸地区一种重要的多年生草料豆科植物，但使用根茎繁殖和延长的建立期限制了其采用。需要加速建立的基因型和管理实践。我们的目标是确定 RP 生长习性和在新芽出苗期间施用氮 (N) 肥对生物量分配的影响，以及在种植年份和种植后年份建立成功的措施。在 2016 年至 2018 年期间进行了田间试验。处理是两种生长习性不同的 RP 条目（平躺种质 Ecoturf 和直立栽培品种 'UF Tito'）和三种 N 施用量（0、40 和 80 公斤/公顷施用 10种植后几周 [WAP]）以随机完整区组设计的四次重复排列。² ) 和根茎生物量 (249 vs. 111 g/m ² ) 在种植年末比倒伏的 Ecoturf。早期生长模式部分解释了这种反应，因为 UF Tito 在 20 WAP 时比 Ecoturf 具有更大的叶面积指数（LAI；0.58 对 0.39）和更小的根茎：茎比（0.62 对 0.77）。施氮肥对枝条生物量的影响很小，并且不影响根-根茎生物量。在 UF Tito 的表现优于 Ecoturf 的种植后，对企业绩效的进入效应持续了整整一年。使用在早期生长期间优先考虑叶面积和枝条与根茎生物量的 RP 基因型在加速 RP 建立方面比施氮更重要。