Objective

Scoping review on IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy prevention.

Data Sources

Literature search of PubMed database and gray literature.

Study Selections

Peer-reviewed relevant observational and randomized controlled studies in the pediatric population in the English language were selected and reviewed.

Results

There is increasing literature supporting the role of early and ongoing cow’s milk ingestion in the prevention of cow’s milk allergy. The studies supporting a preventive role with early cow’s milk ingestion suggest cow’s milk introduction at a very early age (most within the first month of life), suggesting the possibility of a different mechanism of sensitization than other common allergens. It is possible that gut colonization and the diversity and intensity of microbial exposure may play a role in inducing cow’s milk tolerance. It is also possible that vitamin D may have a role in modulating those immune functions.

Conclusion

Further research regarding the role that early cow’s milk ingestion plays in the prevention of cow’s milk allergy is required, and questions remain. The absolute amount required for tolerance is unclear. Studies in higher risk populations are required. However, there is an intriguing and increasingly more pervasive association between early ongoing cow’s milk ingestion and cow’s milk allergy prevention.

中文翻译：

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牛奶过敏预防

客观的

IgE 介导的牛奶过敏预防的范围审查。

数据源

PubMed 数据库和灰色文献的文献检索。

研究选择

选择并审查了在儿科人群中采用同行评审的相关观察性和随机对照研究。

结果

越来越多的文献支持早期和持续摄入牛奶在预防牛奶过敏方面的作用。支持早期摄入牛奶的预防作用的研究表明，牛奶在很小的时候（大多数在生命的第一个月内）引入，表明与其他常见过敏原不同的致敏机制的可能性。肠道定植和微生物暴露的多样性和强度可能在诱导牛奶耐受性方面发挥作用。维生素 D 也有可能在调节这些免疫功能方面发挥作用。

结论

需要进一步研究早期摄入牛奶在预防牛奶过敏方面的作用，但问题仍然存在。耐受所需的绝对量尚不清楚。需要对高危人群进行研究。然而，早期持续摄入牛奶与预防牛奶过敏之间存在一种有趣且日益普遍的关联。