Statement of problem

Screw- and cement-retained prostheses (SCRPs) may be contaminated during fabrication in a dental laboratory, leading to mechanical and biological complications related to the implant treatment. Studies that explored methods to efficiently and conveniently clean and disinfect SCRPs are sparse.

Purpose

The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the efficiency of 3 methods to remove contaminants and microorganisms present on the surface of an SCRP.

Material and methods

Forty-eight 1-unit SCRPs fabricated in a dental laboratory were randomly divided into 3 groups: wiping, soaking, or ultrasonic cleaning. The presence of contaminants was determined by scanning electron microscopy, and microbial cells were cultured before and after treatment. Bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) on the surface of the SCRPs and contamination density at the implant-abutment interface and emergence profile area were assessed. Statistical tests including ANCOVA were used to compare the efficiency of different methods before and after treatment (α=.05).

Results

Significant differences in contamination density were noted during the treatment at the implant-abutment interface and at the emergence profile area in the 3 groups (P<.05), but no significant differences were observed in the number of CFUs (P>.05). There were significant differences among the 3 methods for cleaning efficiency both at the implant-abutment interface (P=.023) and the emergence profile area (P=.038). At the implant-abutment interface, the contamination density after treatment was lower in the ultrasonic cleaning group than that in the soaking group (P=.007), whereas at the emergence profile area, the contamination density after treatment was lower in the ultrasonic cleaning group than that in the wiping group (P=.019) and the soaking group (P=.048).

Conclusions

All 3 treatment methods reduced contaminants on the SCRP surface, but ultrasonic cleaning yielded the most favorable results. However, none of the methods provided additional disinfection for SCRPs previously disinfected by ozone and UV in a dental laboratory.

中文翻译：

---

评估三种清洁和消毒螺钉和水泥固定假体的方法的效率

问题陈述

在牙科实验室制造过程中，螺钉和水泥固位假体 (SCRP) 可能会受到污染，从而导致与种植体治疗相关的机械和生物并发症。探索有效和方便地清洁和消毒 SCRP 的方法的研究很少。

目的

本临床研究的目的是比较 3 种方法去除 SCRP 表面污染物和微生物的效率。

材料与方法

在牙科实验室制造的 48 个 1 单元 SCRP 被随机分为 3 组：擦拭、浸泡或超声波清洗。通过扫描电子显微镜确定污染物的存在，并在处理前后培养微生物细胞。评估了 SCRP 表面的细菌菌落形成单位 (CFU) 以及种植体-基台界面和出现轮廓区域的污染密度。包括ANCOVA在内的统计检验用于比较不同方法治疗前后的效率（α =.05）。

结果

3组治疗过程中种植体-基台界面和萌出轮廓区污染密度存在显着差异（P <.05），但CFU数量无显着差异（P >.05） . 在种植体-基台界面（ P =.023）和出现轮廓区域（P =.038） ，3 种清洁效率方法之间存在显着差异。在种植体-基台界面，超声清洗组处理后的污染密度低于浸泡组（P=.007），而在出现剖面区域，超声波清洗组处理后的污染密度低于擦拭组（P =.019）和浸泡组（P =.048）。

结论

所有 3 种处理方法都减少了 SCRP 表面的污染物，但超声波清洗产生了最有利的结果。然而，这些方法都没有为之前在牙科实验室用臭氧和紫外线消毒的 SCRP 提供额外的消毒。