Abstract

The fruits of several species of the Aronia genus were studied in the content of anthocyanins and chlorogenic acids. It was found that errors in determining the Aronia species can be excluded by using quantitative ratios between the main anthocyanins—cyanidin-3-galactoside (Cy3Gala, the main component), cyanidin-3-arabinoside (Cy3Ara), cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy3Glu) and cyanidin-3-xyloside (Cy3Xyl). The highest level of anthocyanin accumulation was found for Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott fruits. Meanwhile for the species differentiation the least accumulation in fruits of Cy3Glu (no more than 0.8% of the total anthocyanins) and Cy3Xyl (not more than 1.5 mol % of the amount of anthocyanins) may explored in comparison with that of A. prunifolia (Marshall) Rehder and A. mitschurinii A.K. Skvortsov & Maitul., the latter being often mistaken for black chokeberry. Even more reliable for the differentiation is the content and ratio of isomeric chlorogenic acids in the fruits. So, fruits of A. melanocarpa accumulate as the main chlorogenic acid 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3CQA, about 69.4 mol % of the sum of chlorogenic acids) and, in smaller but comparable amounts 5-caffeoylquinic (5CQA) and 4-caffeoylquinic (4CQA) acids, which account for about 14 mol %. In fruits of other species of chokeberry accumulation levels of 3CQA and 5CQA are comparable, but may vary with the change of the dominant one, while the accumulation 4CQA is characteristically low (less than 3.5 mol %). The paper discusses and experimentally confirms some errors in the sample preparation of Aronia fruit samples before the qualitative and quantitative determination of anthocyanins, and proposes a method of excluding them.

中文翻译：

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阿诺尼亚属水果中花色苷和绿原酸的测定：化学系统的经验

摘要

研究了几种Aronia属的果实的花色苷和绿原酸含量。结果发现，在确定错误阿尼亚物质可通过使用主花青素-花青素-3-半乳糖苷（Cy3Gala，主成分），矢车菊素-3-阿拉伯糖苷（Cy3Ara），花青素-3-葡萄糖苷之间的定量比（排除Cy3Glu）和花青素3-木糖苷（Cy3Xyl）。发现黑果阿罗尼亚（Elichott）水果的花青素积累量最高。同时，为了进行物种分化，与Cy3Glu（不超过花青素总量的0.8％）和Cy3Xyl（不超过花青素量的1.5 mol％）在果实中的积累最少。A. prunifolia（Marshall）Rehder和A. mitschurinii AK Skvortsov＆Maitul。，后者经常被误认为是黑苦莓。对于分化而言，更可靠的是果实中异构绿原酸的含量和比例。因此，A。melanocarpa的果实积聚主要的绿原酸3-咖啡酰奎尼酸（3CQA，占绿原酸总和的69.4 mol％），并以较小但可比较的量生成5-咖啡酰奎尼酸（5CQA）和4-咖啡酰奎尼酸（4CQA），约占14摩尔％。在其他种类的苦莓果实中，3CQA和5CQA的积累水平具有可比性，但可能随优势品种的变化而变化，而4CQA的积累特征性地较低（小于3.5 mol％）。本文在定性和定量测定花色苷之前，讨论并实验确定了Aronia水果样品的样品制备中的一些错误，并提出了排除这些错误的方法。