Objective

To compare the presence of allodynia, pain catastrophizing, and the impact of headaches on patients with cluster headache (CH) and healthy individuals. Our second aim was to analyze the relationship between catastrophism, psychological comorbidities, and the impact in CH.

Methods

We designed this cross-sectional study to compare various factors among 47 patients diagnosed with CH and 40 healthy controls, and then focus on catastrophism, anxiety, depression, and impact in the CH group.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between CH and the asymptomatic group in Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC) (p < 0.001), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (p < 0.001), and HIT-6 (p < 0.001) scores. We found a correlation among ASC, PCS, anxiety-depression, EuroQoL, and HIT-6 for the CH group. In this group, we observed a strong positive correlation between PCS and anxiety (rho = 0.69; p < 0.001), PCS and depression (rho = 0.62; p < 0.001) and depression and EuroQoL (rho = − 0.68; p < 0.001). The regression model showed that the combination of anxiety and HIT-6 was a significant predictor of PCS (adjusted R² = 0.52).

Discussion

Our findings reveal significant differences regarding allodynia, pain catastrophism, and impact in CH group compared with controls. We found a significant relationship between psychological comorbidity, pain catastrophism, and quality of life in CH patients. Anxiety and HIT-6 were a predictor (adjusted R² = 52%) of pain catastrophism. Screening for these comorbidities should be implemented through a multidisciplinary approach.

中文翻译：

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丛集性头痛，超越疼痛：一项比较横断面研究

客观的

比较异常性疼痛、疼痛灾难性以及头痛对丛集性头痛 (CH) 患者和健康个体的影响。我们的第二个目标是分析灾难性、心理合并症和 CH 影响之间的关系。

方法

我们设计了这项横断面研究，以比较 47 名诊断为 CH 的患者和 40 名健康对照者的各种因素，然后重点关注 CH 组的灾难性、焦虑、抑郁和影响。

结果

CH 和无症状组在异常性疼痛症状检查表 (ASC) ( p < 0.001)、疼痛灾难化量表 ( p < 0.001) 和 HIT-6 ( p < 0.001) 评分方面存在统计学显着差异。我们发现 CH 组的 ASC、PCS、焦虑抑郁、EuroQoL 和 HIT-6 之间存在相关性。在该组中，我们观察到 PCS 与焦虑（rho = 0.69；p < 0.001）、PCS 与抑郁（rho = 0.62；p < 0.001）以及抑郁与 EuroQoL（rho = - 0.68；p < 0.001）之间存在很强的正相关关系. 回归模型显示焦虑和 HIT-6 的组合是 PCS 的重要预测因子（调整后的R ² = 0.52）。

讨论

我们的研究结果显示，与对照组相比，CH 组在异常性疼痛、疼痛灾难性和影响方面存在显着差异。我们发现 CH 患者的心理共病、疼痛灾难和生活质量之间存在显着关系。焦虑和 HIT-6 是疼痛灾难性的预测因子（调整后的R ² = 52%）。应通过多学科方法筛查这些合并症。