This study examines the veracity of the tropical cyclone (TC) statistics estimated from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) global atmospheric reanalysis, focusing on the climatological-mean genesis regions, tracks and their lifetime maximum intensity, as well as the interannual and intraseasonal variations in TC activity. The results are validated against the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) data for 1980–2016. MERRA-2 represents the spatial distribution of the TC genesis location and the tracks realistically over all main development regions (MDRs), but the simulated TCs are initiated at lower latitudes closer to the equator compared with the observations. Over the western North Pacific and the North Atlantic, MERRA-2 underestimates recurving TCs steered by background westerlies in the mid-latitudes and thereby exaggerates northwestward moving TCs, resulting in an overestimate of the landfall probability in East Asia and North America. Excessive development of TCs over the Bay of Bengal also tends to exaggerate the landfall probability in India. In spite of the discrepancies in the annual TC number, the seasonal variation of TC genesis is realistic in MERRA-2. MERRA-2 also captures the TC intensity relationship between the minimum pressure and the maximum surface wind speed at the mature stage, although the maximum intensity is weaker than in the observations. While MERRA-2 tends to reproduce the interannual variations of the observed TC number and the power dissipation index (PDI), the level of accuracy varies by each ocean basin. MERRA-2 describes the changes in the TC genesis region and tracks realistically according to the different phases of El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), although it is less realistic over the North Indian Ocean.

这项研究检查了热带气旋（TC）统计数据的准确性，该统计数据是根据现代研究与应用回顾分析第2版（MERRA-2）进行的全球大气再分析得出的，重点是气候平均成因区域，轨迹及其寿命最大强度，以及TC活动的年际和季节内变化。根据1980-2016年国际气候管理最佳跟踪档案（IBTrACS）数据对结果进行了验证。MERRA-2代表了TC发生位置的空间分布和所有主要发展区域（MDR）上的真实轨道，但是与观测值相比，模拟的TC在靠近赤道的较低纬度处开始。在北太平洋西部和北大西洋，MERRA-2低估了中纬度背景西风引导的反演TC，从而夸大了西北移动的TC，导致高估了东亚和北美的登陆概率。孟加拉湾TC的过度开发也往往会夸大印度的登陆概率。尽管年度TC数量存在差异，但MERRA-2中TC发生的季节变化是现实的。MERRA-2还捕获了成熟阶段最小压力和最大表面风速之间的TC强度关系，尽管最大强度比观测值弱。尽管MERRA-2倾向于再现观测到的TC数和功率耗散指数（PDI）的年际变化，但精度水平因每个海盆而异。