ABSTRACT Management of fluvial flood risk in the UK is undergoing a paradigm shift, with a change in emphasis from solely working with structural defences to considering catchment-based measures which attenuate flood runoff. Natural Flood Management (NFM) is promoted as a method that can reduce flood risk through the alteration, restoration or use of landscape features. Here we highlight the potential to manage runoff locally in the rural landscape using NFM by targeting flow pathways and utilising floodplains and riparian zones. Using two case study examples from the UK, we show that by accumulating dispersed small-scale storage in small catchment areas (<10 km2) can assist in attenuating flood runoff. However, there is currently a lack of evidence of measure effectiveness at larger catchment scales and for managing extreme flood events. Nevertheless, there is a strong evidence base to suggest many of these measures deliver a range of different ecosystem services if installed in the correct location in the landscape.

中文翻译：

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自然洪水管理：小规模的进步和更大的挑战

摘要 英国的河流洪水风险管理正在经历范式转变，重点从仅使用结构性防御措施转变为考虑基于集水区的措施来减弱洪水径流。自然洪水管理 (NFM) 被推广为一种通过改变、恢复或使用景观特征来降低洪水风险的方法。在这里，我们强调了通过定位流动路径和利用洪泛区和河岸带，使用 NFM 在农村景观中管理当地径流的潜力。使用来自英国的两个案例研究示例，我们表明通过在小集水区（<10 平方公里）中积累分散的小规模蓄水池可以帮助减弱洪水径流。然而，目前缺乏在更大的流域规模和管理极端洪水事件的措施有效性的证据。