ABSTRACT This article poses the question of how storytelling takes place in free guided tours. It aims to explore guides’ contributions to the glocalization of urban places. Theoretically, the study departs from the concepts of glocalization, place, and storytelling. Empirically, it builds on data from Copenhagen, Berlin, Warsaw and Tallinn, collected by means of participant observations and document studies. Results show that storytelling in free guided tours is based on recognizable narratives from the twentieth century. These in turn, relate both to local urban and to national histories. Likewise, storytelling is influenced by global influences formed by free guided tours as an international business model. Global influences are embodied in the guides, whose biographies accentuate their international experience as travellers. Their guiding practices have a strong influence on the practice of history. They have the power to choose attractions, movements, and stories. In the end, new forms of guiding practices and storytelling emerge. Important factors for this are: the collaborative business model, internationally experienced guides, guests’ previous knowledge, and the cities’ local context. The practices combine local context and cosmopolitan culture and thereby contribute to the glocalization of urban places.

中文翻译：

---

免费导游：讲故事作为将城市场所本地化的一种方法

摘要本文提出了如何在免费导游中讲故事的问题。它旨在探索指南对城市场所全球定位的贡献。从理论上讲，该研究偏离了全球定位，地点和讲故事的概念。从经验上讲，它基于哥本哈根，柏林，华沙和塔林的数据，这些数据是通过参与者的观察和文献研究收集的。结果表明，免费导游讲故事的基础是20世纪公认的叙述。这些反过来又与当地的城市历史和民族历史有关。同样，讲故事受到免费导游作为一种国际商业模式形成的全球影响。指南中体现了全球影响力，其传记强调了他们作为旅行者的国际经验。他们的指导实践对历史实践有很大的影响。他们有权选择景点，运动和故事。最后，出现了新形式的指导做法和讲故事。重要的因素是：协作业务模型，具有国际经验的指南，来访者的先前知识以及城市的本地环境。这些做法结合了当地环境和国际文化，从而促进了城市地区的全球定位。