ABSTRACT

This article uses two examples from US history – competency hearings and asylum labor from Wisconsin in the late nineteenth- and early-twentieth century United States – to examine how ability, labor, and citizenship ideologies are enforced and created. Both are sites in which individuals are assumed to lack ability and labor is a tool of assessment and cure. I argue that central to both citizenship and ability were historically defined standards for the self-management of labor and its economic results. Criteria for the self-management of labor reflected and reinforced social hierarchies.

中文翻译：

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无能和疯狂：19世纪和20世纪初的美国的劳动，能力和公民身份

摘要

本文使用美国历史上的两个例子-威斯康星州在19世纪末至20世纪初的能力听证会和庇护工事-考察了能力，劳动和公民意识形态是如何得到实施和创造的。两者都是假定个人缺乏能力的场所，而劳动是评估和治愈的工具。我认为，公民身份和能力的中心是劳动自我管理及其经济成果的历史定义标准。劳动自我管理的标准反映并加强了社会等级制度。