ABSTRACT Native women and girls suffer sexual violence at the highest rate of any demographic in the United States—primarily perpetrated by non-Native assailants. In this essay, we explore how dominant Euro-American discourses regarding trauma, sexual violence, and indigenous peoples complicate this epidemic. These discourses individualize trauma, assign it an unrealistic linear timeline that presupposes a stable subject position, and ignore the experiences of women of color. Such rhetoric renders Native bodies as disposable and disguises structural oppression by blaming women for the sexual violence committed against them. Ultimately, we argue that rhetoric of survivance, which combines survival, endurance, and resistance to assert Native presence over historical absence and perceived oblivion, creates a space in which communities disproportionately affected by violence can simultaneously practice collective coping methods while also challenging dominant discourses. To advance this argument we conduct a rhetorical analysis of the illustrated handbook, What to Do When You’re Raped: An ABC Handbook for Native Girls, which was produced by a Native American women’s organization to address sexual violence. We explore how four central characteristics of survivance—infinitive temporality, storytelling, collective agency, and structural critique—assert Native presence and make visible the problem of sexual violence against Native women.

中文翻译：

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“当你被强奸时该怎么办”：土著妇女通过生存修辞来批评和应对

摘要 在美国所有人口中，土著妇女和女孩遭受性暴力的比率最高——主要是由非土著袭击者实施的。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了欧美关于创伤、性暴力和土著人民的主流话语如何使这种流行病复杂化。这些话语将创伤个体化，赋予它一个不切实际的线性时间线，以稳定的主体位置为前提，并忽略了有色人种女性的经历。这种言辞将土著人的身体视为一次性的，并通过将针对她们的性暴力归咎于妇女来掩饰结构性压迫。最终，我们认为，生存的修辞结合了生存、耐力和抵抗，以在历史缺席和感知遗忘中主张土著存在，创造了一个空间，让受暴力影响不成比例的社区可以同时采取集体应对方法，同时挑战主流话语。为了推进这一论点，我们对插图手册进行了修辞分析，当你被强奸时该怎么办：ABC 土著女孩手册，该手册由美洲土著妇女组织制作，旨在解决性暴力问题。我们探讨了生存的四个核心特征——不定式的时间性、讲故事、集体能动性和结构性批判——如何断言土著的存在，并使对土著妇女的性暴力问题变得显而易见。被强奸时该怎么办：ABC 土著女孩手册，由美洲土著妇女组织制作，旨在解决性暴力问题。我们探讨了生存的四个核心特征——不定式的时间性、讲故事、集体能动性和结构性批判——如何断言土著的存在，并使对土著妇女的性暴力问题变得显而易见。被强奸时该怎么办：ABC 土著女孩手册，由美洲土著妇女组织制作，旨在解决性暴力问题。我们探讨了生存的四个核心特征——不定式的时间性、讲故事、集体能动性和结构性批判——如何断言土著的存在，并使对土著妇女的性暴力问题变得显而易见。