This image had one culmination in the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition, an event meant to mark the opening of the Panama Canal, but which also had a secondary advantage of displaying San Francisco’s recovery from the earthquake. By treating the earthquake as a window into broader issues about the relationship between the urban and natural environments, Seismic City’s breadth raises questions about the actual connection between the earthquake and other events of the period. Technical solutions to ‘build-out’ or construct against natural threats extended beyond the earthquake to disease. Dyl devotes one chapter to responses to a 1907 bubonic plague outbreak. With the disease initially concentrated in Chinatown, white residents quickly racialized the disease – even though white San Franciscans made up most fatalities. Despite the relatively small number of deaths, city leaders commenced a war on rats – the carriers of fleas infected with the plague, and the population of which flourished after the earthquake – that disproportionately affected recent immigrants. They passed a series of ordinances altering the built environment by ‘ratproofing’, which included elevating wood buildings and removing wooden floors. Targeted responses to mitigate a threat contributed to lasting changes in the urban fabric. The strength of Dyl’s work stems from her consideration of natural disasters as something very different from exceptional or singular occurrences. She ends her story with twenty-first century disasters, including Hurricane Katrina and the 2011 Japanese tsunami, to remind readers that environmental hazards are recurrent and cities remain susceptible to nature’s forces. In her rendering, disasters are a fundamental consideration – as is her reminder that, while people might design and build cities, they are not the only shapers of urban form.

中文翻译：

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壁橱和死胡同：北加州的性隐私政治

该图像在1915年巴拿马太平洋国际博览会上达到了高潮，这是一个标志着巴拿马运河开幕的活动，但它还具有展示旧金山从地震中恢复过来的第二个优势。通过将地震作为探讨城市与自然环境之间关系的更广泛问题的窗口，地震城的广度使人们对地震与该时期其他事件之间的实际联系提出了质疑。“扩建”或抵御自然威胁的技术解决方案已从地震扩展到疾病。Dyl专门用一章来应对1907年鼠疫的疫情。由于该疾病最初集中在唐人街，白人居民迅速使该疾病种族化-尽管白人圣方济各会丧生最多。尽管死亡人数相对较少，但城市领导人对老鼠发动了战争，老鼠是被鼠疫感染的跳蚤携带者，地震后人口蓬勃发展，对新移民的影响不成比例。他们通过了一系列通过“防鼠”改变建筑环境的法令，其中包括高举木结构建筑和拆除木地板。采取有针对性的缓解威胁措施有助于城市结构的持久变化。Dyl的工作之力源于她对自然灾害的考虑，认为自然灾害与特殊事件或特殊事件完全不同。她的故事以二十一世纪的灾难而告终，包括卡特里娜飓风和2011年日本海啸，提醒读者，环境危害屡见不鲜，城市仍然容易受到自然力量的影响。在她的渲染中，灾难是一个基本考虑因素-她提醒人们，尽管人们可以设计和建造城市，但灾难并不是唯一的城市形态塑造者。