In 1942, the French-Jewish philosopher Vladimir Jankélévitch wrote: Among all the fascist impostures, anti-Semitism is not the one that reaches the greatest number of victims, but it is the most monstrous. Perhaps for the first time men are officially tracked down not for what they do, but for what they are. They expiate their ‘being’ and not their ‘having’: not acts, a political opinion or a profession of faith like the Cathars, the Freemasons, or the Nihilists, but the fate of birth.

中文翻译：

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“犹太人”和“穆斯林”的家谱：种族与宗教关系中的社会想象

1942 年，法裔犹太哲学家弗拉基米尔·扬克勒维奇 (Vladimir Jankélévitch) 写道：在所有法西斯主义的骗局中，反犹太主义并不是受害者人数最多的，但它是最可怕的。也许第一次正式追踪男性不是因为他们做了什么，而是因为他们是什么。他们赎罪他们的“存在”，而不是他们的“拥有”：不是行为、政治观点或信仰声明，如 Cathars、共济会或虚无主义者，而是出生的命运。