ABSTRACT Right-wing discourses and issues of belonging and collective identity in Europe’s political and public spheres are often analysed in terms of Islamophobia, racism and populism. While acknowledging the value of these concepts, Kešić and Duyvendak argue that these discourses can be better understood through the logic of nativism. Their article opens with a conceptual clarification of nativism, which they define as an intense opposition to an internal minority that is seen as a threat to the nation due to its ‘foreignness’. This is followed by the analysis of nativism’s three subtypes: secularist nativism, problematizing particularly Islam and Muslims; racial nativism, problematizing black minorities; and populist nativism, problematizing ‘native’ elites. The authors show that the logic of nativism offers the advantages of both analytical precision and scope. The article focuses on the Dutch case as a specific illustration of a broader European trend.

中文翻译：

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受威胁的国家：荷兰的世俗主义、种族和民粹主义本土主义

摘要 欧洲政治和公共领域中的右翼话语以及归属和集体认同问题经常从仇视伊斯兰、种族主义和民粹主义的角度进行分析。在承认这些概念的价值的同时，Kešić 和 Duyvendak 认为通过本土主义的逻辑可以更好地理解这些话语。他们的文章以对本土主义的概念澄清开始，他们将本土主义定义为强烈反对内部少数群体，由于其“外来性”而被视为对国家的威胁。接着分析本土主义的三个亚型：世俗本土主义，特别是将伊斯兰教和穆斯林问题化；种族本土主义，将黑人少数民族问题化；民粹主义本土主义，将“本土”精英问题化。作者表明，本土主义的逻辑提供了分析精度和范围的优势。本文重点关注荷兰案例，作为对更广泛欧洲趋势的具体说明。