on a theme that appears throughout the collection: modernization and its dramatic cultural and political transformation of the Ottoman world. Three papers deal with Italian architects active in the first half of the twentieth century, that is, the last decades of the Ottoman Empire and the opening decades of the Republican era. Some of the projects discussed in this section never materialized. Milva Giacomelli discusses Italian proposals presented at the 1941 international competition for the Anıtkabir, the mausoleum in Ankara commemorating the founder of the Republic, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Italians won honourable mentions and also prize money. One Italian project, by Arnaldo Foschini, was one of three proposals that won first prize. However, ultimately the jury preferred the project proposed by the Turkish architects and academics Emin Onat and Ahmet Orhan Arda. Taken together, the volume succeeds in its mission to discuss “design across borders”. The authors do not simply take stock of the Italian presence in Ottoman and Turkish urban centres, but explain the many ways in which Italians and Ottomans engaged in physical and aesthetic planning and construction. The outcome is unique, as it fuses concepts and tastes from all sides. We thus gain a more complete understanding of how buildings and sites took shape, and can better appreciate their meaning.

中文翻译：

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Mother and Sons, Inc.：中世纪蒙彼利埃的 Martha de Cabanis

在整个系列中出现的一个主题：现代化及其对奥斯曼世界的戏剧性文化和政治变革。三篇论文涉及活跃于 20 世纪上半叶的意大利建筑师，即奥斯曼帝国的最后几十年和共和时代的开端几十年。本节中讨论的一些项目从未实现。Milva Giacomelli 讨论了意大利在 1941 年 Anıtkabir 国际竞赛中提出的建议，Anıtkabir 是安卡拉的陵墓，纪念共和国创始人穆斯塔法·凯末尔·阿塔图尔克。意大利人赢得了荣誉奖和奖金。Arnaldo Foschini 的一个意大利项目是获得一等奖的三个提案之一。然而，最终，陪审团更喜欢土耳其建筑师和学者 Emin Onat 和 Ahmet Orhan Arda 提出的项目。总之，本书成功地完成了讨论“跨界设计”的使命。作者并没有简单地评估意大利在奥斯曼帝国和土耳其城市中心的存在，而是解释了意大利人和奥斯曼帝国从事物理和美学规划和建设的多种方式。结果是独一无二的，因为它融合了各个方面的概念和品味。因此，我们对建筑物和遗址的形成过程有了更全面的了解，并能更好地理解它们的意义。但请解释意大利人和奥斯曼人从事物理和美学规划和建设的多种方式。结果是独一无二的，因为它融合了各个方面的概念和品味。因此，我们对建筑物和遗址的形成过程有了更全面的了解，并能更好地理解它们的意义。但请解释意大利人和奥斯曼人从事物理和美学规划和建设的多种方式。结果是独一无二的，因为它融合了各个方面的概念和品味。因此，我们对建筑物和遗址的形成过程有了更全面的了解，并能更好地理解它们的意义。