ABSTRACT Daniel Tobin led the Teamsters Union from 1907 to 1952. He guided its transformation from a dwindling set of locals representing horse-drawn wagon drivers to the nation’s largest union. However, Tobin is best remembered today for a comment he made during an American Federation of Labor (AFL) Convention in 1934, when he denigrated new members flooding into the labor movement as ‘rubbish.’ The quote has been used to illustrate depictions of the AFL leadership as racist, nativist, sexist and elitist. This article argues that the quote has been taken out of context and used to misrepresent Tobin’s meaning. He did intend to denigrate some of the new members coming into the labor movement, but his criticism had nothing to do with ethnicity, race, level of skill, or opposition to organizing the mass production industries.

中文翻译：

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丹尼尔·托宾著名的“垃圾”评论以及在新政时代重新考虑 AFL 全国工会领导人的必要性

摘要 丹尼尔·托宾 (Daniel Tobin) 从 1907 年到 1952 年领导卡车司机联盟。他引导其从代表马车司机的日益减少的当地人转变为全国最大的工会。然而，今天最令人难忘的是托宾在 1934 年美国劳工联合会 (AFL) 大会期间发表的评论，当时他诋毁涌入劳工运动的新成员是“垃圾”。这句话被用来说明 AFL 领导层是种族主义者、本土主义者、性别歧视者和精英主义者。这篇文章认为，这句话已经断章取义，并被用来歪曲托宾的意思。他确实打算诋毁一些加入劳工运动的新成员，但他的批评与种族、种族、技能水平或反对组织大规模生产行业无关。