ABSTRACT Industrial hazards are a neglected part of the history of Singapore’s successful industrialization since independence in 1965. Our paper investigates risk in the competitive shipbuilding and repair industry across three decades and four serious accidents in the industry. The risk was determined by a group of factors: the political economy of the state-led industrialization program, the nature of work within the industry, the degree of supervision by safety officers and subcontractors; and the characteristics of the workforce, including the foreign workers. However, the key element was the Singapore state, which took a leading role in both the tripartite system of industrial relations and the industrial safety regime. The state and management shared the view that industrial development was crucial to Singapore’s survival. With the emphasis on productivity and the framing of industrial failure as a national calamity, unions and workers had little say in objecting to perilous work or proposing suitable remedies. While the government instituted numerous efforts to address occupational hazards, many failed to translate to the vessel and the factory floor.

中文翻译：

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新加坡国家主导的工业化中的不安全和工会，1965-1994

摘要 自 1965 年独立以来，在新加坡成功工业化的历史中，工业危害是一个被忽视的部分。我们的论文调查了竞争激烈的造船和维修行业在 30 年和 4 次严重事故中的风险。风险由一组因素决定：国家主导的工业化计划的政治经济、行业内的工作性质、安全官员和分包商的监督程度；以及劳动力的特征，包括外籍工人。然而，关键因素是新加坡政府，它在三方劳资关系体系和工业安全制度中都发挥了主导作用。国家和管理层都认为工业发展对新加坡的生存至关重要。由于强调生产力并将工业失败定为国家灾难，工会和工人在反对危险的工作或提出适当的补救措施方面几乎没有发言权。虽然政府采取了许多措施来解决职业危害，但许多未能转化为船舶和工厂车间。