Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening. The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.

中文翻译：

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稻瘟病菌系统防御触发1（MoSDT1）介导的代谢产物调节水稻的防御反应

一些病原效应蛋白在刺激植物防御系统以增强植物抗性中发挥着积极作用。在这项研究中，实施了超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UHPLC / Q-TOF-MS），以鉴定含有过量表达的米曲霉系统防御触发1（MoSDT1）的转基因水稻中的代谢产物）在三个时间点被感染。表征的主要代谢产物是有机酸及其衍生物，有机氧化合物，脂质和类脂质分子。在鉴定出的代谢产物中，sh草酸酯，半乳糖醇，海藻糖，D-甘露糖，亚麻酸，多巴胺，酪胺和L-谷氨酰胺是许多次级防御代谢产物碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢的前体，揭示了这些途径参与植物防御反应和抗性增强。水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）含量的增加增强了JA合成/信号基因，SA合成/受体基因，棉子糖/果糖/蔗糖合酶基因以及细胞壁相关基因之间的相互作用，均有助于水稻的防御反应。当用六种确定的代谢物（半乳糖醇，酪胺，L-谷氨酰胺，L-色氨酸，α-萜品烯和多巴胺）外源处理72小时后，米曲霉感染后水稻的症状得到显着缓解。因此，这些代谢物可以用作米曲霉防御的最佳代谢标记。水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）含量的增加增强了JA合成/信号基因，SA合成/受体基因，棉子糖/果糖/蔗糖合酶基因以及细胞壁相关基因之间的相互作用，均有助于水稻的防御反应。当用六种确定的代谢物（半乳糖醇，酪胺，L-谷氨酰胺，L-色氨酸，α-萜品烯和多巴胺）外源处理72小时后，米曲霉感染后水稻的症状得到显着缓解。因此，这些代谢物可以用作米曲霉防御的最佳代谢标记。水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）含量的增加增强了JA合成/信号基因，SA合成/受体基因，棉子糖/果糖/蔗糖合酶基因以及细胞壁相关基因之间的相互作用，均有助于水稻的防御反应。当用六种确定的代谢物（半乳糖醇，酪胺，L-谷氨酰胺，L-色氨酸，α-萜品烯和多巴胺）外源处理72小时后，米曲霉感染后水稻的症状得到显着缓解。因此，这些代谢物可以用作米曲霉防御的最佳代谢标记。当用六种确定的代谢物（半乳糖，酪胺，L-谷氨酰胺，L-色氨酸，α-萜品烯和多巴胺）外源处理72小时后，米曲霉的感染得到显着缓解。因此，这些代谢物可以用作米曲霉防御的最佳代谢标记。当用六种确定的代谢物（半乳糖，酪胺，L-谷氨酰胺，L-色氨酸，α-萜品烯和多巴胺）外源处理72小时后，米曲霉的感染得到显着缓解。因此，这些代谢物可以用作米曲霉防御的最佳代谢标记。